Lichenized fungi Stereocaulon foliolosum Nyl. (Stereocaulaceae, Ascomycota), indicator of ambient air metal deposition in a temperate habitat of Kumaun, central Himalaya, India

P. Nag, R. Gupta, D. Upreti
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Himalayan habitats in the past three decades have undergone a tremendous change in the land use pattern. The increase in urbanization and associated vehicular movement had increased the heavy metal influx in the ambient air of Himalayan ecosystems. Bioindicators such as lichens due to their slow growth, longer lifespan and maximum absorption of nutrients through atmospheric deposition, can be used as an appropriate indicator of long-term heavy metal deposition in the Himalaya. In the current study, a terricolous lichen Stereocaulon foliolosum was studied in the temperate habitat of Munsyari, Pithoragarh district, Uttarakhand, central Himalaya, for its ability as a bioindicator of ambient air heavy metal deposition along with land use linked vehicular exhaust gradient. In the current study, Stereocaulon foliolosum was analyzed for lichen diversity and seven heavy metals(Mg, Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn, Ni, Cd) deposition in five plots in Khaliya bugyal-Munsyari landscape along gradients of land use and elevation. The maximum heavy metal deposition was recorded in plots along roads which minimized in Khaliya bugyal. The total heavy metal load (ΣM7) was found indicative of land use gradient followed by Mg, Zn, Cu and Ni accumulation in lichen thallus. The study concluded that the diversity of Stereocaulon foliolosum was negatively correlated to the vehicular density which was maximum at moderate elevations exhibiting intense land use and maximum vehicular movement. The study thus established that change in lichen diversity can be an appropriate indicator of land use linked pollution gradients in temperate habitat in Kumaun, central Himalaya.
地衣化真菌。(Stereocaulaceae, Ascomycota):印度喜马拉雅中部Kumaun温带生境空气中金属沉积的指示因子
在过去的三十年里,喜马拉雅栖息地的土地利用模式发生了巨大的变化。城市化的增加和相关的车辆运动增加了喜马拉雅生态系统环境空气中的重金属流入。地衣等生物指标由于其生长缓慢,寿命较长,通过大气沉降吸收养分最多,可以作为喜马拉雅地区长期重金属沉降的适当指标。在本研究中,研究了一种陆生地衣Stereocaulon fololosum,在喜马拉雅中部北阿坎德邦Pithoragarh地区的Munsyari温带栖息地,研究了其作为环境空气重金属沉积和土地利用相关的汽车尾气梯度的生物指标的能力。本研究利用不同的土地利用和海拔梯度,分析了哈利亚布贾尔-孟席亚里景观5个样地的地衣多样性和7种重金属(Mg、Zn、Cu、Pb、Mn、Ni、Cd)的沉积特征。在公路沿线的地块记录的重金属沉积量最大,而在哈利亚布加尔则最少。地衣菌体重金属总负荷量(ΣM7)以土地利用梯度为主,其次是Mg、Zn、Cu和Ni的累积量。研究结果表明,小叶立体花多样性与车辆密度呈负相关,在土地利用强度大、车辆运动强度大的中等海拔高度最大。因此,该研究确定了地衣多样性的变化可以作为喜马拉雅中部Kumaun温带生境中与土地利用相关的污染梯度的适当指标。
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