Evaluating the blood toxicity of functionalized graphene-arginine with anticancer drug ginsenoside Rh2 in balb/c mouse model with breast cancer

Abstract

Background: Gensenoside Rh2 is an anticancer drug with low toxicity and stability in the body. The aim of this study was to evaluate the blood toxicity of functionalized graphene-arginine with anticancer drug ginsenoside Rh2 in balb/c mouse model with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Graphene-Arginine (G-Arg) and Graphene-Arginine-ginsenoside Rh2 (G-Arg-Rh2) were synthesized using microwave method. For evaluation of blood toxicity, 32 mice with breast tumors were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (3mg/kg 6 mg / kg PBS sterile), group 1 (6 mg / kg ginsenoside), group 2 (3 mg / kg G-Arg), and group 3 (3 mg / kg G-Arg-Rh2). Treatment was done intravenously once every three days for 32 days. Finally, blood factors were also examined by sampling from the heart. Results: Complete functionalization was proven by FTIR and Raman. Examination of blood factors showed that white blood cells had a very small increase. Anova test showed significant difference among four groups in term of WBC count (p=0.016). Pair sample T test showed that there was significant difference between control and group 1(p=0.036) and control and group 2 (p=0.036). There was no significant difference between control and group 3 (p=0.051). Other blood factors had no significant difference among examined groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Based on results, after treatment with all designed nanostructures, only white blood cells had a very small increase and inflammatory reactions were statistically similar in all groups. This indicates the high efficiency of designed drug.