ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY AND ENERGY ASSESSMENT OF SOYBEAN CULTIVATION DEPENDING ON SOWING TIME

Abstract

The growth of soybean production and the expansion of the range of this crop should be accompanied by its comprehensive study. soybean production is constrained to a large extent by its low yield, including in North Ossetia-Alania. It is necessary to overcome a significant gap in terms of yields in scientific institutions and production units. Experimental studies were carried out on the experimental fields of the North Caucasian Research Institute of Mountain and Piedmont Agriculture of the Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. As a result of our research, it was revealed that the total energy content on average for 2018-2020. fluctuated within 51.75-68.02 GJ/ha. The energy intensity of protein varied in the range of 22.64-29.70, fat - 18.34-24.24, carbohydrates - 10.77-14.08 GJ/ha. The net energy income by experiment options varied within 4.48-19.06 GJ/ha. The timing of sowing also contributed to an increase in the energy efficiency coefficient and bioenergy coefficient by 0.11-0.28. The energy cost of 1 ton of seeds decreased by 1.6-4.1 GJ/t, protein - by 4.1-10.5 GJ/t. The highest costs were noted in the third sowing period, the lowest - in the first. The cost of 1 centner of products was equal to 1020.1-1188.5 rubles, and the cost of the obtained crop was 49000-63800 rubles/ha. Profit from the sale of the highest was noted in the third sowing period - 31,260 rubles. with a profitability level of 96.1%, the lowest - in the first sowing period with a profitability level of 69.4%.