Native Nation Building: The Long Emergence of the Oneida Nation Judiciary

Larry Nesper
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Abstract

Abstract:This article documents the emergence of the Oneida Nation of Wisconsin’s judiciary over the course of the past thirty years. It argues that judicial systems have become necessary tribal institutions in the federal Indian policy era of self-determination, but assimilating them to tribal societies that are characteristically organized by kinship presents serious challenges of legitimacy. The Oneida Nation needed a formal dispute resolution forum in order to qualify for certain federal programs under the policy regime. It created the Appeals Commission, which aspired to be a tribal court and separate branch of government integrating fundamental Oneida values and practices. As the commission expanded the scope of its jurisdiction and became more engaged with other tribal courts in the state, sectors within the Oneida community contested its legitimacy. Because of developments in the relationship between the state courts and tribal courts in Wisconsin, the commission began to take cases dealing with marriage, divorce, and children in the last several years. The contradictions between the community as society organized by kinship and a community organized as a tribal state precipitated a crisis that eventuated in the creation of a new institution.
原住民族建构:奥奈达族司法制度的长期形成
摘要:本文记录了威斯康星州奥奈达民族在过去三十年中司法机构的出现。它认为,在联邦印第安人的自决政策时代,司法系统已经成为必要的部落机构,但将它们同化到以亲属关系为特征的部落社会中,对合法性提出了严重的挑战。奥奈达族需要一个正式的争端解决论坛,以便有资格参加该政策制度下的某些联邦项目。它设立了上诉委员会,希望成为一个部落法院和独立的政府部门,整合奥奈达的基本价值观和做法。随着该委员会扩大其管辖范围,并与该州其他部落法院进行更多接触,奥奈达社区的一些部门对其合法性提出了质疑。由于威斯康星州州法院和部落法院之间关系的发展,该委员会在过去几年中开始受理涉及婚姻、离婚和儿童的案件。以亲属关系为组织形式的共同体与以部落国家为组织形式的共同体之间的矛盾,引发了一场危机,最终导致了新制度的产生。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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