Identifying Determinants of Neuro-Enchancement Substance Use in Students

IF 1.3 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Federica Galli, A. Chirico, L. Mallia, Fabio Alivernini, S. Manganelli, A. Zelli, M. Hagger, F. Lucidi
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract. Background: Use of Neuro-Enhancement Substances (NES) such as prescription drugs, illicit drugs, or alcohol to improve cognition, prosocial behavior, and performance is increasing among students. Aims: The study applied a multi-theory, integrated theoretical model to identify motivational and social cognition determinants of NES use among students. Methods: A prospective longitudinal design was adopted with 306 high school (66.8% female; Mage = 17.31 years, SD = 0.93) and 692 university (70.5% female; Mage = 24.97 years, SD = 6.64) students. They completed measures of motivation, social cognition constructs, and planning with respect to studying behavior and NES use. Results: Well-fitting structural equation models indicated the pervasive influence of autonomous motivation, attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control for studying, as well as of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control for NES use. Inclusion of past NES use increased explained variance in NES use and attenuated model effects, but the pattern of effects remained. Multi-group analyses indicated consistency in the pattern model effects across high school and university students. Limitations: The study findings might not be generalizable, as student samples were not randomly recruited. Furthermore, NES use only relied on self-report, and its assessment did not consider different NES substances. Finally, there was no assessment of implicit attitudes and habits toward studying and NES use. Conclusions: Findings extend prior literature by demonstrating the integrated guiding view that students’ motivation and beliefs about studying influence their beliefs about and use of NES. Furthermore, the findings provide starting points for interventions targeting the reduction in NES use.
确定学生使用神经增强物质的决定因素
摘要背景:越来越多的学生使用神经增强物质(NES),如处方药、非法药物或酒精来改善认知、亲社会行为和成绩。目的:本研究采用多理论、整合的理论模型来确定学生使用新语言的动机和社会认知决定因素。方法:采用前瞻性纵向设计对306名高中学生进行调查,其中女生占66.8%;男性= 17.31岁,SD = 0.93), 692所大学(70.5%为女性;法师= 24.97岁,SD = 6.64)。他们完成了动机、社会认知结构和计划的测量,以研究行为和新功能的使用。结果:拟合良好的结构方程模型显示自主动机、态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对学习的普遍影响,以及态度、主观规范和感知行为控制对新语言使用的普遍影响。纳入过去的NES使用增加了NES使用的可解释方差和减弱的模型效应,但效应的模式仍然存在。多组分析表明,模式模型效应在高中生和大学生中具有一致性。局限性:研究结果可能不具有普遍性,因为学生样本不是随机招募的。此外,新物质的使用仅依赖于自我报告,其评估并未考虑不同的新物质。最后,没有评估内隐态度和习惯的学习和新语言的使用。结论:研究结果扩展了先前的文献,展示了学生的学习动机和信念影响他们对新知识的信念和使用的综合指导观点。此外,研究结果为减少NES使用的干预措施提供了起点。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Die "Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie" wurde gegründet, um dem raschen Anwachsen gesundheitspsychologischer Forschung sowie deren Relevanz für verschiedene Anwendungsfelder gerecht zu werden. Gesundheitspsychologie versteht sich als wissenschaftlicher Beitrag der Psychologie zur Förderung und Erhaltung von Gesundheit, zur Verhütung und Behandlung von Krankheiten, zur Bestimmung von Risikoverhaltensweisen, zur Diagnose und Ursachenbestimmung von gesundheitlichen Störungen sowie zur Verbessung des Systems gesundheitlicher Vorsorge.
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