The Migration Constituent Element of the Demographic Dynamics in the Development of Human Capital of the Modern Russia

Abstract

The article focuses on the problems of return migration of compatriots in conditions of COVID-19 pandemic and on the way out of it in the context of the implementing the Concept of the state migration policy of the Russian Federation for 2019-2025. The author assesses the opportunities and prospects of external migration to compensate for the natural decline in the demographic potential of Russia. It is shown that it is unrealistic to ensure the upward demographic dynamics of the country’s population in the coming years only by activating measures to increase the birth rate and reduce mortality. In solving this problem it is of great importance to implement those areas of migration policy that are associated with more active use of the remaining residual migration potential of a part of the Russian-speaking population in the post-Soviet space. The paper considers the current processes of resettlement from the countries of the near and far abroad, the estimates of which do not give grounds for too much optimism. The diagnostics of trends related to the implementation of the State program to assist voluntary resettlement of compatriots living abroad to the Russian Federation was carried out. The problematic components of including migrants to the economic and social structures of Russian society are identified and disclosed. The article substantiates the need to address a set of issues related to more active use of the remaining residual migration potential of Russian speaking communities abroad. Conclusions are drawn about the need to modernize the migration policy of the Russian state during and after the end of the active phase of the fight against coronavirus. Recommendations and measures proposed to improve the state migration policy in the field of resettlement of compatriots to their historical homeland are presented in this article.