Lars Schmidt , Nayu Nuringdati Widianingsih , Astrid Plaugaard Kaad , Ida Theilade
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引用次数: 5
Abstract
Villagers in southern Sumatra collect a number of NTFPs for cash income and subsistence as a supplement to cultivated crops. Deforestation restricts the availability of NTFPs. The aim of the study was, with point of departure in Jernang, to investigate the transition between collection and cultivation of NTFPs. A village survey encompassing 57 households involved in collection, cultivation and/or trade of Jernang in two villages with high NTFP collection was carried out.
The study revealed that more than 20 species or species groups of NTFPs were collected, albeit many of them only occasionally and by few people. In addition to Jernang, tree legume pods (Parkia and Archidendron) were the most collected products. Collection of most NTFPs was gendered. Jernang was almost entirely collected by men, since it implies trekking in forest and climbing. Albeit Jernang collectors found that both quantity and income from collection had declined, very few considered to abandon collection. A combination of economic incentives, poor regulations, and psycho-cultural motives for collection and connectedness to forest lead to intensive harvest. The harvest was less intense for other reported NTFPs, which was explained by shorter harvest season, non-marketable products, bulkiness and poor storability. To compensate for declining wild resources, villagers had started cultivation of some NTFPs, primarily Jernang and legume trees. For Jernang, shortage of planting material and fear of theft of fruits were seen as the greatest barriers to cultivation. The study showed that decreased availability of wild NTFPs, high prices and lack of replacement species may lead to cultivation. Adoptability was restricted by both technical problems (e.g. propagules), competition with domesticated crops, and cultural habits. The study gives an insight into the process of domestication of NTFPs at the interface between collection and cultivation.
苏门答腊岛南部的村民收集了一些非热带森林保护区，以获得现金收入和维持生计，作为种植作物的补充。森林砍伐限制了非森林保护区的可用性。该研究的出发点在Jernang，目的是调查ntfp采集和培养之间的过渡。对采集、种植和(或)交易Jernang的57户家庭进行了一项村庄调查，调查对象是在两个非传染性致病菌高采集的村庄。研究表明，收集到的非森林植被物种超过20种或种群，尽管其中许多只是偶尔收集的，而且收集者也很少。采集量最大的是豆科树豆荚(Parkia and Archidendron)。大多数非结核性结核病例的收集是性别的。Jernang几乎完全由男性收集，因为它意味着在森林中跋涉和攀登。虽然收集者发现收集的数量和收入都下降了，但很少有人考虑放弃收集。经济激励、监管不力、采集的心理文化动机以及与森林的联系导致了集约化采伐。其他报告的ntfp收获强度较低，这是由于收获季节较短、产品滞销、体积大和储存性差。为了弥补野生资源的减少，村民们开始种植一些非森林保护区，主要是Jernang树和豆科树。对于Jernang来说，种植材料的短缺和对果实被盗的恐惧被视为种植的最大障碍。研究表明，野生非森林植被可得性下降、价格高和缺乏替代物种可能导致种植。可采用性受到技术问题(例如繁殖)、与驯化作物的竞争和文化习惯的限制。该研究揭示了ntfp在采集和栽培界面上的驯化过程。
期刊介绍：
The NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, published since 1952, is the quarterly journal of the Royal Netherlands Society for Agricultural Sciences. NJAS aspires to be the main scientific platform for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research on complex and persistent problems in agricultural production, food and nutrition security and natural resource management. The societal and technical challenges in these domains require research integrating scientific disciplines and finding novel combinations of methodologies and conceptual frameworks. Moreover, the composite nature of these problems and challenges fits transdisciplinary research approaches embedded in constructive interactions with policy and practice and crossing the boundaries between science and society. Engaging with societal debate and creating decision space is an important task of research about the diverse impacts of novel agri-food technologies or policies. The international nature of food and nutrition security (e.g. global value chains, standardisation, trade), environmental problems (e.g. climate change or competing claims on natural resources), and risks related to agriculture (e.g. the spread of plant and animal diseases) challenges researchers to focus not only on lower levels of aggregation, but certainly to use interdisciplinary research to unravel linkages between scales or to analyse dynamics at higher levels of aggregation.
NJAS recognises that the widely acknowledged need for interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research, also increasingly expressed by policy makers and practitioners, needs a platform for creative researchers and out-of-the-box thinking in the domains of agriculture, food and environment. The journal aims to offer space for grounded, critical, and open discussions that advance the development and application of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research methodologies in the agricultural and life sciences.
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