Organizing precision oncology: introduction to the special issue

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q4 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY

New Genetics and Society Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI:10.1080/14636778.2021.1883501

P. Bourret, P. Castel, H. Bergeron, A. Cambrosio

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引用次数: 5

Abstract

This Special Issue (SI) on “Organizing precision oncology” features a number of articles initially presented at an International Workshop on “Organizational and epistemic innovation in precision cancer medicine” that took place in November 2018 in Paris. The Workshop was convened to mark the conclusion of a project supported by the French National Cancer Institute (INCa), entitled “Targets and trials: A sociological investigation of personalized cancer medicine in action (PERSONA).” The papers included in the SI have been revised and updated to reflect developments in the two years since the workshop was held. As hinted by the title of the Workshop, they investigate the implementation of precision oncology by focusing on the nexus between organizing and experimenting. The SI thus includes contributions that interface Science & Technology Studies (STS) and Organization Studies to analyze how clinicians and researchers deploy genomic platforms (Cambrosio et al. 2018) and the socio-technical and organizational arrangements that act as a condition of possibility for the performance of this new kind of clinical medicine. According to the 2020 Annual Report of the Personalized Medicine Coalition (PMC; http://www.personalizedmedicinecoalition.org) – an “international, multistakeholder, non-profit organization” for promoting the eponymous domain – the number of individualized medicines on the US market grew by 116% during the previous four years, and more than 75,000 genetic tests are available. In oncology, 61% of clinical trials now incorporate biomarkers compared to just 18% in 2000. In 2020, the FDA approved 27 precision oncology drugs, including 10 new molecular entities (NMEs) and 17 new indications of previously approved drugs, a 35% increase compared to the previous year (Staff Reporter 2021). These data point to a shift from the traditional focus on a tumor’s tissue of origin to the genetic basis of the disease, as highlighted, for instance, by the New Genetics and Society, 2021 Vol. 40, No. 1, 1–6, https://doi.org/10.1080/14636778.2021.1883501

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组织精密肿瘤学:特刊导论

本期关于“组织精准肿瘤学”的特刊(SI)刊载了2018年11月在巴黎举行的“精准癌症医学的组织和认知创新”国际研讨会上首次发表的一些文章。研讨会的召开是为了纪念法国国家癌症研究所(INCa)支持的一个项目的结束，该项目名为“目标和试验:个体化癌症药物的社会学调查”(PERSONA)。自研讨会举办以来，已修订和更新了SI中包含的文件，以反映两年来的发展情况。正如研讨会的标题所暗示的那样，他们通过关注组织和实验之间的联系来研究精确肿瘤学的实施。因此，SI包括将科学与技术研究(STS)和组织研究相结合的贡献，以分析临床医生和研究人员如何部署基因组平台(Cambrosio et al. 2018)，以及作为这种新型临床医学表现可能性条件的社会技术和组织安排。根据个性化医疗联盟(PMC;http://www.personalizedmedicinecoalition.org)——一个促进同名领域的“国际、多方利益相关者、非营利组织”——在过去的四年里，美国市场上的个体化药物数量增长了116%，有超过75000种基因测试可用。在肿瘤学领域，61%的临床试验纳入了生物标志物，而2000年这一比例仅为18%。2020年，FDA批准了27种精准肿瘤药物，其中包括10种新分子实体(NMEs)和17种先前批准药物的新适应症，与上一年相比增加了35% (Staff Reporter 2021)。这些数据表明，传统上对肿瘤起源组织的关注转向了疾病的遗传基础，如《新遗传学与社会》(New Genetics and Society) 2021年第40卷第1 - 6期(https://doi.org/10.1080/14636778.2021.1883501)所强调的那样

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来源期刊

New Genetics and Society 生物-生物工程与应用微生物

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

16.70%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： New Genetics and Society: Critical Studies of Contemporary Biosciences is a world-leading journal which: -Provides a focus for interdisciplinary and multi-disciplinary, leading-edge social science research on the new genetics and related biosciences; -Publishes theoretical and empirical contributions reflecting its multi-faceted development; -Provides an international platform for critical reflection and debate; -Is an invaluable research resource for the many related professions, including health, medicine and the law, wishing to keep abreast of fast changing developments in contemporary biosciences. New Genetics and Society publishes papers on the social aspects of the new genetics (widely defined), including gene editing, genomics, proteomics, epigenetics and systems biology; and the rapidly developing biosciences such as biomedical and reproductive therapies and technologies, xenotransplantation, stem cell research and neuroscience. Our focus is on developing a better understanding of the social, legal, ethical and policy aspects, including their local and global management and organisation.