Strategy for the management of used nuclear fuel and radioactive waste of small water-water modular reactors

Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI:10.20535/2617-9741.2.2023.283527

B. Shabalin

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Abstract

Based on the strategy of Ukraine in the energy industry for the period until 2035, advanced reactor technologies should be chosen for construction of new nuclear power units to replace the nuclear power plants that will be decommissioned. Currently, high-capacity water-water reactors AP1000 and small modular reactors NuScale -iPWR and/or SMR-160, which are highly secure and cost-effective, are considered promising. Among a number of criteria for the selection of nuclear power plant reactor technologies, the management of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste, which directly affect radiation and environmental safety and all stages of the existing nuclear fuel cycle in Ukraine, is of great importance. Based on published data, the author analysed and summarized prospects of development of water-water SMR technologies (NuScale -iPWR and SMR-160), their advantages and disadvantages, the evaluation criteria of the spent nuclear fuel (SNF) and radioactive waste generated during operation and decommissioning of reactors, and problems of waste disposal.

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小型水-水模块化反应堆的乏燃料和放射性废物管理战略

根据乌克兰到2035年的能源产业战略，建设新的核电机组应选择先进的反应堆技术，以取代即将退役的核电站。目前，高容量水-水反应堆AP1000和小型模块化反应堆NuScale -iPWR和/或SMR-160被认为是有前途的，它们具有高度的安全性和成本效益。在选择核电站反应堆技术的若干标准中，乏核燃料和放射性废物的管理非常重要，因为它们直接影响到乌克兰的辐射和环境安全以及现有核燃料循环的所有阶段。根据已发表的资料，分析和总结了水-水小堆技术(NuScale -iPWR和SMR-160)的发展前景、优缺点、反应堆运行和退役过程中产生的乏核燃料(SNF)和放射性废物的评价标准以及废物处理存在的问题。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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Proceedings of the NTUU “Igor Sikorsky KPI”. Series: Chemical engineering, ecology and resource saving

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