Solar potential evaluation and political, economic and social analysis (PES) in the department Cesar – Colombia

Abstract

espanolEsta investigacion presenta la estimacion de la irradiacion directa, difusa y total del departamento del Cesar (Colombia) a traves del uso del modelo de Bird y Hulstrom y parametrizaciones del modelo de Machler e Iqbal. Los datos empleados para tal fin fueron recopilados por las estaciones meteorologicas instaladas por el Instituto de Hidrologia, Meteorologia y Estudios Ambientales de Colombia (IDEAM) y corresponden a un rango de recopilacion y analisis de mas de 20 anos comprendido entre 1993 y 2013, periodo de estudio adecuado para un estudio solarimetrico exhaustivo. Se estimaron los datos de irradiacion teniendo en cuenta cuatro tipos de escenarios climaticos que dependieron del tipo de atmosfera presente en la zona de estudio. Se encontro que el potencial solar del departamento del Cesar ubicado en la Costa Caribe colombiana, presenta promedios de irradiaciones totales que van desde 6.2 kWh/m2dia en atmosferas muy turbias hasta 6.8 kWh/m2dia en atmosferas extremadamente limpias, constituyendose en una de las regiones con mayores valores de irradiacion en Colombia. Este panorama permite visualizar el gran potencial existente en la region para la implementacion de proyectos con tecnologias solares tanto termica como fotovoltaica. Este estudio ademas fue complementado con un analisis politico, economico y social de Colombia y Estados Unidos para determinar las oportunidades de mejora en Colombia. EnglishThis research shows the estimation of direct, diffuse and total irradiation in the department of Cesar (Colombia) through the use of the Bird and Hulstrom model and parameterizations of the Machler and Iqbal model. The data used for this purpose were collected by the meteorological stations installed by the Institute of Hydrology, Meteorology and Environmental Studies of Colombia (IDEAM) corresponding to the range of collection and analysis with more than 20 years between 1993 and 2013, a period of study suitable for a comprehensive solarimetric study. Irradiation data were estimated taking into account four types of climate scenarios that depended on the type of atmosphere present in the study area. It was found that the solar potential of the department of Cesar, located on the Colombian Caribbean Coast, presents average total irradiations ranging from 6.2 kWh/m2day in very turbid atmospheres to 6.8 kWh/m2 day in extremely clean atmospheres, making it one of the regions with the highest irradiation values in Colombia. This panorama allows to visualize the great potential that exists in the region for the implementation of projects with both thermal and photovoltaic solar technologies. This study was also complemented with a political, economic and social analysis of Colombia compared to the United State to determine the improvement opportunities in Colombia.