Gender, age and morphofunctional characteristics of the quality of life of patients with stable angina

Abstract

Aim of the work is to investigate the quality of life (QoL) of patients with stable angina pectoris (SA) depending on gender, age distribution and severity of angina pectoris. Materials and methods. 78 patients with an objective diagnosis of functional classes (FC) II–III SA were examined, who formed two clinical groups: the 1st – patients with an increase in QoL (57.69 % of cases), the 2nd – patients with the absence of any changes in QoL (42.31 % of cases). All patients underwent clinical, laboratory, instrumental examinations and determination of QoL using the SF-36 questionnaire. Results. The study of the QoL in men revealed that the mental component (MHC) of health was significantly higher due to such indicators as vitality (VT) (P < 0.001), mental health (MH) (P < 0.001), social functioning (SF) (Р = 0.028), general health status (GHS) (Р < 0.001). Younger age was characterized by a higher physical component of health (PHC) due to significantly higher indicators such as physical functioning (PF) and role-based physical functioning (RBPF) (in both cases P < 0.001). In the subgroup of younger women, the PHC was higher due to significantly higher levels of PF and RBPF (P = 0.048 and P = 0.011, respectively), that could be compared with the indicators of younger men, where the PHC was also higher due to GHS (Р = 0.009), RBPF (P = 0.028) and PF (P = 0.050). In men of younger age, the indicator of VT was significantly higher (Р = 0.031). Patients with higher FC of SA were expected to have a significant limitation of QoL in the form of a lower PHC (GHS (P = 0.023), PF (P < 0.001), RBPF (P < 0.001) and pain intensity (PI) (P < 0.001)). With the progression of heart failure (HF), GHS (P = 0.003), PF (P < 0.001), RBPF (P < 0.001) and PI (P < 0.001) significantly worsened. It was confirmed that the increase of QoL did not depend on gender (women P = 0.204, men P = 0.226) and age (P = 0.143). The presence of excess body weight was characterized by limitation of physical (significantly lower indicators of PF (P = 0.010) and PI (P = 0.008)) and mental (significantly decreased indicator – P = 0.053) health. Conclusions. Positive dynamics of the quality of life is associated with a lower functional class of stable angina pectoris, lower severity of heart failure, favorable shifts in the lipid spectrum, an increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction and the threshold load of cycle ergometry. The physical component of health is decisive in the quality of life of patients with stable angina pectoris.