Hemodynamics in Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome

Abstract

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a complex vascular malformation that involves extensively the lower limb and may be combined with lymphatic and capillary defects. Very little has been published about hemodynamic of this disease. In this paper, we studied with duplex scan the hemodynamics in a group of 52 patients affected by KTS. In a former study, we recognized the following vascular venous defects: dysplastic venous areas infiltrating tissues, dysplastic superficial veins, hypoplasia and aplasia of deep veins, presence of marginal vein and presence of sciatic vein . The study demonstrates several hemodynamic defects, like venostasis and reflux in superficial dysplastic veins, blood stasis in infiltrating, mainly intramuscular, venous malformations, reflux and venostasis in large marginal veins, no main reflux in sciatic vein and dilatation of calf veins with some stasis but no reflux. Duplex scan study is mandatory in KTS but need to be an oriented exam in order to find out main defects existing in KTS. Standard examination, like in varicose veins, is not a correct study as it may ignore some main defects.