The Availability of Water in Chile: A Regional View from a Geographical Perspective

IF 2.4 Q2 WATER RESOURCES

Australasian Journal of Water Resources Pub Date : 2020-04-30 DOI:10.5772/intechopen.92169

J. L. Parra, Manuel Pulido Fernández, J. G. Velarde

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Chile is famous for being the longest country in the world from north to south. It means it ranges from polar to desert conditions, water being one of the main limiting factors. In fact, Chile stores a high amount of water (695 mm y−1), but people are not located in the regions where water is more abundant (e.g. in the south). This territorial imbalance is accompanied both by a global context of climate change in which water will be presumably scarcer and by the effects of the current economic activities that are progressively more demanding in water consumption. In this work, we have compared both the current and future availabilities of water for the different regions of Chile in order to provide relevant and useful information on the water balance for land planners. The Metropolitan and Valparaíso regions (Mediterranean climate) along Antofagasta, Atacama, and Tarapacá regions (desert climate) showed the lowest mean values of water availability from 1970 to 2000 (<125 m3 person y−1). In addition, both the optimistic and pessimistic projections for 2050 forecast a significant increase in the aridity of these two central regions, where the crucial axis between the two most important cities (Santiago and Valparaíso) is located.

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智利水资源的可得性:从地理角度看区域

智利以是世界上南北最长的国家而闻名。这意味着它的范围从极地到沙漠条件，水是主要的限制因素之一。事实上，智利储存了大量的水(695毫米y - 1)，但人们并不位于水更丰富的地区(例如在南部)。伴随着这种地域不平衡的是全球气候变化的背景，在这种背景下，水可能会越来越少，以及当前经济活动对水消耗的要求越来越高的影响。在这项工作中，我们比较了智利不同地区目前和未来的水资源可用性，以便为土地规划者提供有关水资源平衡的相关和有用的信息。沿安托法加斯塔、阿塔卡马和塔拉帕塔地区(沙漠气候)的大都会和Valparaíso地区(地中海气候)在1970 - 2000年的平均有效水量最低(<125 m3人y−1)。此外，对2050年的乐观和悲观预测都预测，这两个中心地区的干旱将显著增加，这两个最重要的城市(圣地亚哥和Valparaíso)之间的关键轴位于这里。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Australasian Journal of Water Resources WATER RESOURCES-

CiteScore

5.10

自引率

21.90%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Australasian Journal of Water Resources ( AJWR) is a multi-disciplinary regional journal dedicated to scholarship, professional practice and discussion on water resources planning, management and policy. Its primary geographic focus is on Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Islands. Papers from outside this region will also be welcomed if they contribute to an understanding of water resources issues in the region. Such contributions could be due to innovations applicable to the Australasian water community, or where clear linkages between studies in other parts of the world are linked to important issues or water planning, management, development and policy challenges in Australasia. These could include papers on global issues where Australasian impacts are clearly identified.