Identification of chlorogenic acid in cotyledonous leaves and husks of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)

Abstract

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the need to optimise the production process of the sunflower farming ecosystem by increasing environmental sustainability. Among the by-products of processing, the use of which is still not effective, the release of the powerful antioxidant chlorogenic acid has not been sufficiently studied. In this regard, this paper is aimed at revealing the patterns of accumulation and identification of phenolic compounds in cotyledons and sunflower husks. The purpose of the study is to identify phenolic compounds in cotyledonous leaves and husks of various genotypes of common sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by thin-layer chromatography. In the course of research on this problem, the authors used field, biochemical, and statistical research methods. To identify chlorogenic acid, a solvent system was used: chloroform – glacial acetic acid – methanol – water (60:32:12:8). Chromatography analysis was performed in the SORBFLIL TLC software suite. The object of research is the Auris common sunflower hybrid. It is established that the qualitative composition of the phenolic complex and the number of individual compounds has a pronounced variety specificity. On the chromatogram, this substance has an Rf of ~ 0.60 (for sunflower husks) and an Rf of ~0.74 (for cotyledonous leaves). It was found that the most effective solvent for chlorogenic acid is aqueous ethanol. Extraction of chlorogenic acid with 40% ethanol provides up to 10 mg/g of chlorogenic acid. In addition to chlorogenic acid, a small amount of caffeic acid was found in the alcohol extract. The materials of the study are of practical value for improving the processes related to the development of the productivity of sunflower crops and the rational use of processing by-products