Gastroesophageal reflux disease in residents of the Trans-Baikal Territory

Abstract

Aim. To study the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms and lesions of the esophageal mucosa in residents of Zabaikalsky krai, taking into account ethnicity. Methods. The first stage: 371 residents of Zabaikalsky krai over 18 years old, were door-to-door interviewed by using the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ). The respondents with 8 or more points were classified as having GERD symptoms. Additionally, we collected passport data, smoking status, alcohol and coffee consumption, anthropometric data and social status. The second stage: we analyzed 2130 upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy reports from Regional Clinical Hospital in Chita. Results. 48 (12.9%) of 371 respondents had GERD symptoms. 135 (36.4%) respondents were Buryats, and 236 (63.6%) were non-Buryats, with the latter more often had GerdQ total score of 8 or more [38 (16.1%) non-­Buryats and 10 (7.4%) Buryats, p=0.009]. The average age of non-Buryats respondents with GERD symptoms was 53.4±17.47 years and exceeded that in the group without symptoms (46.2±19.2 years), p=0.035. The age of Buryats with and without GERD symptoms did not differ (42.67±11.52 and 37.89±15.54 years, respectively, р=0.087). The prevalence of obesity, smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption of respondents with and without GERD symptoms, both among Buryats and non-Buryats was the same. Of the 2130 patients who underwent endoscopy, 164 (7.8%) had morphological changes in the esophagus, 105 (4.9%) had erosive esophagitis (EE). Catarrhal and erosive chan­ges in the esophagus were detected in 156 non-Buryats (91 men and 66 women) (7.7%), while EE was diagnosed in 97 (4.8%) patients. 6.5% (5 women and 3 men) Buryats had the esophagus pathology, which caused by erosion. It was found that in non-Buryats group EE develop more often in male respondents (p=0.0019). Only non-Buryats had catarrhal changes in the esophagus (37.8%, 59 people), p=0.0312. At the same time, the incidence of complica­ted disease course in groups with EE was the same (p=0.8934). Conclusion. About 13% of residents of Zabaikalsky krai have weekly symptoms of GERD, male of a non-Buryat ethnic group are more likely to develop erosive esophagitis than women; the incidence of complications of esophagitis is the same in Buryats and non-Buryats respondents groups.