Oncology Residency and the Evolution of Specialty Practice

Abstract

Over the past few decades, oncology rehabilitation has transformed from a niche clinical area to an established specialty practice with a defined scope of knowledge and skills. Since the passage of board certification in the APTA House of Delegates in 2016, the Description of Specialty Practice has defined the scope and parameters of this specialization and has set benchmarks for practitioner knowledge, skills, and behaviors. Concurrently, several institutions have established oncology residencies for physical therapists, with many others in the developing stages. Residencies are extensive postgraduate, on-the-job training opportunities whereby a resident is closely mentored by a team of clinical experts. Accreditation standards for oncology residencies are established by the American Board of Physical Therapy Residency and Fellowship Education. This article provides perspectives on the current role of and future opportunities for oncology physical therapy residency programs. The infrastructure, institutional support, and development of residents and faculty mentors show great potential to further the specialty area, enhance patient access, and elevate the quality of services available to persons living with and beyond cancer.