Subjective Attitudes towards Terminal Patients of Nursing Students with Clinical Practice Experience: Application of Q Methodology

Eun Ju Lee, Kyung-Hye Hwang, O. Cho
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Abstract

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify subjective attitudes towards terminal patients in nursing students who had clinical practice. The types of subjective attitude were classified by applying Q methodology. According to those types, basic reference data for the development of educational programs were provided. Methods: Thirty-four final Q samples were selected, and Q classification with a nine-point scale was performed with P samples of 43 nursing students. A key factor analysis was conducted with the collected data using the PC QUANAL program. Results: Nursing students’ attitudes towards terminal patients were grouped into three types. The total variable was 49.96%. Students with Type 1 (“wish for life-sustaining medical treatment”) thought that terminal patients accurately understood their medical condition and wanted to prolong their lives. Others with Type 2 (“need for service and support”) believed that a multidisciplinary nursing system needs to be established to help terminal patients prepare for death. Students with Type 3 (“aware-ness and acceptance of death”) thought that terminal patients wanted to die with dignity at a hospice unit. Conclusion: This study analyzed various types of attitude towards terminal patients, as perceived by nursing students with clinical training experience. Development of educational programs for each attitude type analyzed in this study could contribute to sys-tematic training programs for nursing students caring for terminal patients.
有临床实习经历的护生对临终病人的主观态度:Q方法的应用
目的:了解实习护生对临终病人的主观态度。采用Q法对主观态度类型进行分类。根据这些类型,为教育计划的制定提供了基本的参考数据。方法:选取34个终Q样本,对43名护生的P个样本进行9分制Q分。使用PC QUANAL程序对收集的数据进行关键因素分析。结果:护生对临终病人的态度分为三类。总变量为49.96%。类型1(“希望维持生命的医疗”)的学生认为晚期患者准确了解自己的医疗状况,希望延长自己的生命。其他类型2(“需要服务和支持”)的人认为,需要建立一个多学科的护理系统来帮助临终病人为死亡做准备。类型3(“意识到并接受死亡”)的学生认为,临终病人希望在临终关怀病房有尊严地死去。结论:本研究分析了具有临床实习经验的护生对临终病人的不同态度。本研究分析各态度类型之教育方案之制定,可为护生照顾末期病患之系统训练方案提供参考。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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