Biochemical and Physiological Biomarkers in Aquatic Environmental Research

Anglisticum Journal Pub Date : 2016-01-08 DOI:10.0001/(AJ).V3I0.726

A. Osman

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Biomarkers are used as tools to assess biological changes that may reveal exposure of organisms to environmental chemicals. In some cases, biomarkers are able to indicate that chemicals specifically affect metabolic pathways or physiological functions in exposed individuals. Therefore, biomarkers can be used as both diagnostic and predictive tools. More recently, the concept of “biomarkers” has gained popularity amongst environmental managers. There are many different biomarkers that occur at many different levels of organization from sub-cellular to wholeorganisms. Biomarkers at the molecular level tend to respond first, followed by responses at the cellular (biochemical and physiological), and whole-body levels. within this review, I will review the application of some biochemical and physiological biomarkers in aquatic environmental research. This review presents a synthesis of the state of the art in the methodology of biochemical and physiological biomarkers and its contribution in aquatic environmental research. The text explores the latest knowledge and thinking on this very important approach for the assessment of environmental health, management, and conservation. The primary concern of the present review is the measurement of biomarkers in aquatic organisms under field and laboratory conditions, where effects of chemicals at different levels of biological organization can be examined. Keywords: Biomarkers, aquatic organisms, biochemical biomarkers, physiological biomarkers

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水生环境研究中的生化和生理生物标志物

生物标志物被用作评估可能揭示生物体暴露于环境化学物质的生物变化的工具。在某些情况下，生物标志物能够表明化学物质特异性地影响暴露个体的代谢途径或生理功能。因此，生物标志物既可以作为诊断工具，也可以作为预测工具。最近，“生物标志物”的概念在环境管理者中越来越受欢迎。从亚细胞到整个生物体，有许多不同的生物标志物出现在许多不同的组织水平上。分子水平上的生物标志物往往首先反应，其次是细胞(生化和生理)和全身水平的反应。本文就生物化学和生理标志物在水生环境研究中的应用作一综述。本文综述了生物化学和生理生物标志物方法的最新进展及其在水生环境研究中的贡献。本文探讨了对环境健康、管理和保护的评估这一非常重要的方法的最新知识和思想。本综述主要关注的是在野外和实验室条件下水生生物中生物标志物的测量，在这些条件下可以检查化学物质在不同生物组织水平上的影响。关键词:生物标志物，水生生物，生化生物标志物，生理生物标志物

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Anglisticum Journal

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