Urban air pollution modeling: a critical review

IF 0.5 Q4 ECOLOGY

Theoretical and Applied Ecology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI:10.25750/1995-4301-2022-1-027-033

T. Krupnova, A. Bulanova, T. Makarovskikh, A. V. Herreinstein

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Industrial and transport emissions are the main sources of air pollution in large cities, causing significant risks to human health. Minimizing risks requires information on the distribution and physico-chemical characteristics of emissions. Spatial and temporal detailed data are required because the intensity and composition of emissions varies greatly with time of day and local variations in wind, traffic composition and flow. There are modern mathematical models that simulate the behavior of emissions from industrial plants and traffic flows with a high degree of resolution. The chemistry of the simulated emissions has also been largely resolved by taking into account photochemical reactions as well as dry and wet deposition processes. This review presents concepts of urban air pollution monitoring, and analyses and summarizes new insights of real-time air pollutants concentrations. This research is expected to open a door for creating smart cities and digital twins for effective management of environmental risks in an urbanized area. The reviewed studies were classified by various modeling approaches such as statistical and analytical models which give the best prediction results. We find that air pollution monitoring and assessment techniques for calculating air concentrations were successfully used to study temporal and spatial changes in pollutant concentrations. In the same time, it is impossible to create a universal analytical model for predicting the concentrations of pollutants anywhere and for any condition. The outcome of this study will help engineers and researchers develop air pollution forecasts concept.

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城市空气污染模型:综述

工业和运输排放是大城市空气污染的主要来源，对人类健康造成重大风险。尽量减少风险需要有关排放物分布和物理化学特性的资料。由于排放的强度和成分随一天中的时间和当地风、交通成分和流量的变化而变化很大，因此需要空间和时间的详细数据。有一些现代数学模型可以模拟工业厂房和交通流量的排放行为，具有很高的分辨率。通过考虑光化学反应以及干湿沉积过程，模拟排放物的化学性质也在很大程度上得到了解决。本文介绍了城市空气污染监测的概念，分析和总结了实时空气污染物浓度的新见解。这一研究结果将为有效管理城市化地区的环境风险，开启智慧城市和数字双胞胎的大门。根据不同的建模方法，如统计模型和分析模型，对所回顾的研究进行分类，以获得最佳的预测结果。我们发现用于计算空气浓度的空气污染监测和评估技术被成功地用于研究污染物浓度的时空变化。与此同时，不可能建立一个通用的分析模型来预测任何地方和任何条件下的污染物浓度。这项研究的结果将有助于工程师和研究人员发展空气污染预测的概念。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Theoretical and Applied Ecology ECOLOGY-

CiteScore

1.00

自引率

80.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The aim of issuing the journal “Theoretical and Applied Ecology” is informational support of fundamental and applied research conducted on regional, federal and international level in the sphere of ecologically safe development of industry, preserving the mineral resources and biosphere sustainability, as well as of a well-though way of consumption of natural resources. The journal sets a very important task – to put together theoretical and applied issues of Ecology and Nature Management, uniting the creative potential of those people and organizations which are interested in preserving the nature and providing ecological safety. The articles published in the journal generalize the most contemporary experience of certain organization and specialists in the sphere of nature management. The journal lets a wide range of readers, scientists, representatives of legislative and executive branches get to know the research results. One of the main tasks of the editorial board of the journal consists in increasing the quality of the journal and to inform people of the journal with the help of the Map of Science of Russia: through increasing the amount of scientific reviews dealing with the most topical spheres of Ecology, ecological safety, effective nature management, through publishing articles of the authors most ofter referred to, striving to being indexed in international databases in accordance with all the international standards and requirements of the citation indexes Scopus and/or Web of Science, inclusion of the journal in these informational databases and of the basis of agents of other electronic resources.