A gar-bitten vertebrate coprolite from the Neogene of the Atlantic Coastal Plain, USA, and a new ichnospecies of Machichnus Mikuláš et al., 2006

IF 0.8 4区地球科学 Q4 PALEONTOLOGY

Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces Pub Date : 2022-10-02 DOI:10.1080/10420940.2023.2182300

Adam Lindholm, S. J. Godfrey, L. Ward, A. Collareta

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract Vertebrate-bitten coprolites are seemingly rare; nonetheless, within the past dozen years, a handful of these composite trace fossils have been found and described. Here, we describe a single crocodile coprolite from the Lower Miocene Calvert Formation in New Kent County, Virginia, USA, showing bite marks. The size and morphology of the coprolite is consistent with a crocodilian origin. Seven parallel, gently curving gouges, of biogenic origin, disrupt the surface of the coprolite. As it is a medium preserving bite marks, this coprolite qualifies as a morderolite. Furthermore, because of the presence of larger/deeper primary, and finer secondary gouges, which we interpreted as individual tooth marks, the identity of the vertebrate that bit the coprolite is most likely gar (Lepisosteidae). Because other comparable coprolites preserving similar sets of primary and secondary gouges are known, this unique trace fossil is given a new ichnotaxonomic name, Machichnus dimorphodon isp. nov. Many more much smaller markings, interpreted as feeding traces by smaller organisms (possibly invertebrates) also ornament the surface of the coprolite.

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美国大西洋沿岸平原新近纪的一种蛇咬脊椎动物粪化石和一新种Machichnus Mikuláš等，2006

脊椎动物咬伤的粪化石看似罕见;尽管如此，在过去的十几年里，人们发现并描述了一些这种复合痕迹化石。在这里，我们描述了来自美国弗吉尼亚州新肯特县中新世下卡尔弗特组的单一鳄鱼粪化石，显示了咬痕。粪化石的大小和形态与鳄鱼起源一致。七个平行的，平缓弯曲的沟，生物起源，破坏了粪化石的表面。由于它是一种中等保存咬痕的粪化石，因此它有资格成为一种现代橄榄岩。此外，由于存在较大/较深的初级和较细的次级凹痕，我们将其解释为个体的牙印，因此咬粪化石的脊椎动物身份最有可能是gar (Lepisosteidae)。由于已知其他类似的粪化石保存着类似的初级和次级沟槽，因此这个独特的痕迹化石被赋予了一个新的技术分类名称，Machichnus dimorphodon isp。更多更小的标记，被较小的生物(可能是无脊椎动物)解释为进食痕迹，也装饰在粪化石的表面。

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来源期刊

Ichnos-An International Journal for Plant and Animal Traces PALEONTOLOGY-

CiteScore

2.50

自引率

12.50%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The foremost aim of Ichnos is to promote excellence in ichnologic research. Primary emphases center upon the ethologic and ecologic significance of tracemaking organisms; organism-substrate interrelationships; and the role of biogenic processes in environmental reconstruction, sediment dynamics, sequence or event stratigraphy, biogeochemistry, and sedimentary diagenesis. Each contribution rests upon a firm taxonomic foundation, although papers dealing solely with systematics and nomenclature may have less priority than those dealing with conceptual and interpretive aspects of ichnology. Contributions from biologists and geologists are equally welcome. The format for Ichnos is designed to accommodate several types of manuscripts, including Research Articles (comprehensive articles dealing with original, fundamental research in ichnology), and Short Communications (short, succinct papers treating certain aspects of the history of ichnology, book reviews, news and notes, or invited comments dealing with current or contentious issues). The large page size and two-column format lend flexibility to the design of tables and illustrations. Thorough but timely reviews and rapid publication of manuscripts are integral parts of the process.