Analysis of the gut microbiome of HIV-infected patients using 16s rRNA sequencing

D. Popova, S. Voznesenskiy, E. Petrova, Polina Klimkova
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Abstract

Background: the microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract is one of the important factors that ensure the normal functioning of the human body. Patients with HIV infection are most susceptible to intestinal infections and changes in the composition of the microbiota, both due to exposure to the virus itself and as a result of reduced immunity. This article describes changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora of patients with HIV infection at the stage of secondary diseases, receiving antiretroviral therapy and not. Aims: to determine the composition of the gut microbiome in patients with HIV infection on and off antiretroviral therapy using DNA sequencing of the hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene. Materials and methods: the object of the study was a group of patients in the amount of 10 people with a documented confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection and diarrheal syndrome. In order to clarify a possible etiological factor and determine the characteristics of the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract, stool analysis was performed using the 16s rRNA sequencing method. Results: the study revealed significant changes in the composition of the microbiome: depletion of the Bacteroidetes type, increased number of the Proteobacteria type. A statically significant difference was found in the composition of the types of microbiota in healthy people and patients with HIV infection (p0.05). The normal flora was represented by only two microorganisms: Bifidobacterium breve and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were identified: Enterococcus faecium, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Enterococcus durans, Klebsiella sp., Pantoea agglomerans, Klebsiella variicola, Enterococcus hirae, Escherichia coli TOP550-1, Clostridioides difficile, Staphylococcus aureus. These bacteria may be the cause of diarrheal syndrome in patients with HIV infection. Conclusions: HIV infection leads to a decrease in bacterial diversity, impoverishment of the normal flora, and the formation of a specific microbial profile. A number of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms can cause diarrhea in patients with HIV infection. Analysis of 16s rRNA sequencing can be used as a non-invasive method for diagnosing changes in the composition of the intestinal microflora and in order to clarify the etiological factor of diarrheal syndrome.
利用16s rRNA测序分析hiv感染者肠道微生物组
背景:胃肠道微生物群是保证人体正常功能的重要因素之一。感染艾滋病毒的患者最容易受到肠道感染和微生物群组成变化的影响,这既是由于接触病毒本身,也是由于免疫力下降。本文描述了继发性疾病阶段,接受抗逆转录病毒治疗和未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的HIV感染患者肠道菌群组成的变化。目的:通过对16S rRNA基因高变区进行DNA测序,确定抗逆转录病毒治疗前后HIV感染患者肠道微生物组的组成。材料与方法:研究对象为一组确诊为HIV感染和腹泻综合征的患者,共10人。为了明确可能的病因,确定胃肠道微生物病的特点,采用16s rRNA测序方法对粪便进行分析。结果:研究揭示了微生物组组成的显著变化:拟杆菌门类型的减少,变形菌门类型的数量增加。健康人群和HIV感染患者的微生物群类型组成差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。正常菌群只有两种微生物:短双歧杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌。条件致病性微生物:粪肠球菌、粪肠球菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、durans肠球菌、克雷伯菌、Pantoea agglomerans、varibsiella、Enterococcus hirae、escherhia coli TOP550-1、clostridiides difficile、Staphylococcus aureus。这些细菌可能是HIV感染患者腹泻综合征的原因。结论:HIV感染导致细菌多样性的减少,正常菌群的贫瘠,并形成特定的微生物谱。一些条件性致病性微生物可引起HIV感染患者腹泻。16s rRNA测序分析可作为诊断肠道菌群组成变化的无创方法,有助于明确腹泻综合征的病因。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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