ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF OXYGEN-ACTIVE DISINFECTANTS

T. Suranova
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Abstract

Oxygen-active disinfectants are widely used for nonspecific prevention of infectious diseases: hydrogen peroxide, chlorine dioxide, potassium fluoride peroxohydrate, perborates, persulfates, perphosphates, percarbonates. These compounds have a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against bacteria (including Mycobacterium tuberculosis), viruses, fungi and spores of bacilli. The primary "target" of exposure to oxygen-containing disinfectants in bacterial cells are proteins and lipids of cytoplasmic membranes, and in bacterial spores - proteins and lipids of spore membranes. When exposed to hydrogen peroxide on a bacterial cell at the stage of contact with the cytoplasmic membrane, hydrogen peroxide decomposes into highly reactive hydroxyl radicals, which have a destructive effect on the membranes. Hydroxyl radicals are powerful oxidizing agents, have a short period of existence, interact with lipids, proteins, nucleic acids. Oxidation of lipids, especially unsaturated fatty acids, leads to an increase in membrane permeability. During the oxidation of membrane proteins consisting of amino acids with disulfide bonds, the latter are converted into SH-radical, as a result of which cross-links are formed at amino groups, protein-lipid complexes are formed; proteins are oxidized and denatured, which leads to cell death. Not only hydroxyl radicals have a damaging effect, but also other intermediate products of the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide: hydronium cation - H3O +; perhydroxylanion - HO2-.
氧活性消毒剂的抗菌性能
氧活性消毒剂广泛用于非特异性传染病的预防:过氧化氢、二氧化氯、过水氟化钾、过硼酸盐、过硫酸盐、过磷酸盐、过碳酸盐。这些化合物对细菌(包括结核分枝杆菌)、病毒、真菌和杆菌孢子具有广谱的抗菌活性。细菌细胞中暴露于含氧消毒剂的主要“目标”是细胞质膜的蛋白质和脂质,而细菌孢子中的主要“目标”是孢子膜的蛋白质和脂质。当细菌细胞在与细胞质膜接触的阶段暴露于过氧化氢时,过氧化氢分解成高活性的羟基自由基,对细胞膜具有破坏性作用。羟基自由基是强氧化剂,存在时间短,与脂质、蛋白质、核酸相互作用。脂质氧化,尤其是不饱和脂肪酸,导致膜通透性增加。在由二硫键氨基酸组成的膜蛋白氧化过程中,后者转化为sh自由基,其结果是在氨基上形成交联,形成蛋白脂复合物;蛋白质被氧化和变性,从而导致细胞死亡。不仅羟基自由基有破坏作用,过氧化氢分解的其他中间产物:水合氢离子- h30o +;过羟阴离子- HO2-。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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