A Study on the External Wall Heating Temperature Distribution According to Opening Size in Building

Abstract

This study used a real-scale model experiment to reproduce internal fires in residential buildings such as a multi-dwelling unit, in order to prevent damage caused by tens of thousands of fires witnessed each year and to take measures to cope with them. For experimental conditions, different opening sizes were applied to measure and analyze the heating temperature of the exterior wall. Results drawn are as following: when the experiment was conducted with opening sizes(horizontal length) each at 2,000mm, 1,600mm, and 1,400mm, the flashover occurred at 630 seconds, 505 seconds and 510 seconds, respectively. Also, the total heating time, in proportion to this, came to 815 seconds, 713 seconds and 721 seconds. The maximum heating temperature of the exterior wall by the opening size reached 282.4°C at 2,000mm, 382.9°C at 1,600mm, and 423.8°C at 1,400mm. This represented that as the opening size gets smaller, the heating temperature of the exterior wall by fire spread becomes higher.