Vision, Challenges and Future Perspectives of Low Constrained Devices IOT Operating Systems: A Systematic Mapping Review

Abstract

Now the far-fetched reality has become true with the prominence of IOT (Internet of Things) technology. Various individual devices get connected with each other to establish communication. These devices are built on a microcontroller which is responsible to receive and send information. These devices are very small and appropriate Operating Systems are required on the basis of particular device architecture, scheduling methods, network technologies and programming models. IOT Operating Systems are enormously facilitating low constrained devices to deliver their throughput efficiently in a timely manner. This concept helped a lot in emergence of IOT, which has translated our physical world into a digital cyber world. IOT devices consumes less power, less memory and less energy, therefore they need appropriate Operating Systems to act as interfaces. Low constrained Operating Systems are especially designed to provide support to these low constrained devices. Many researches have been conducted to discuss Operating Systems for these low constrained devices. In this study, capsulization of Internet of Things and its building blocks, architecture of IOT Operating System and network stack architecture of state-of -the art IOT Operating Systems such as Contiki, Tiny OS, Free RTOS, RIOT, Zephyr and Mbed OS is investigated. Moreover this, detailed overview of related work is presented with the comparative analysis of this study with the existing surveys. In addition, open research areas are discussed with recommendations.