Sustainable Tourism: Trends, Challenges and Concerns

IF 0.7 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM
T. Costa, F. Ribeiro
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The concept of “sustainability” began with the document Our Common Future (WCED, 1987) in which sustainable development was defined as “satisfying the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs” (WCED, 1987, ch. 2, sec. 1, para. 1). By now, we can all understand the contradiction and ambiguity of joining the terms, since the term “sustainable” implies some form of limits while the term “development” emphasises human use to meet human needs (Higgins-Desbiolles, 2018). Due to this ambiguity, the concept of sustainability has been very malleable in the interests of those benefiting from a status quo strategy (Higgins-Desbiolles, 2018). Nonetheless, and according to OECD (2018), sustained development of the tourism sector will depend on the ability to adapt to emerging economic, social, political, environmental and technological trends. 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By taking an applied approach to tourism sustainability, this special journal issue focuses on understanding new trends and topics that need further inquiry. We hope that we have contributed to a better understanding of how tourism sustainability is conceptualised and how tourism managers and stakeholders can operationalise tourism sustainability under a global–local perspective. As such, paper contributions to this special journal issue attempt to bridge the global and the local through sustainable tourism by focusing on new or understudied phenomena, through a set of different contributions and approaches. In the first contribution, Dolores Gallardo-Vázquez, Oscar Ernesto Hernández-Ponce and Luis Enrique Valdez Juárez present an analysis of the success factors of sustainable tourism in the southern region of the State of Sonora, Mexico, supported by multiple case studies of tourist places in Guaymas, Isla Huivulai and Alamos. 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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Tourism is a fundamental part of society, and is therefore embedded within contemporary capitalism and social values (Bramwell & Lane, 2014). Recently, tourism research following the general trend across social sciences has been affected by a “critical turn” (Bramwell & Lane, 2014; Tribe, 2008, 2010). The focus is on challenging established thinking and questioning the concepts of power and product (Tribe, 2006). Also, the critical turn aims to counterbalance the almost “tyrannical role of economics”, which only considers tourism as an economic activity (Tribe, 2006, p. 366). In fact, the established mindset underpinning tourism planning, development and research is increasingly under attack from many quarters on the grounds that “business as usual” seems impossible to reconcile with “sustainability”. (Dwyer, 2018). The concept of “sustainability” began with the document Our Common Future (WCED, 1987) in which sustainable development was defined as “satisfying the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs” (WCED, 1987, ch. 2, sec. 1, para. 1). By now, we can all understand the contradiction and ambiguity of joining the terms, since the term “sustainable” implies some form of limits while the term “development” emphasises human use to meet human needs (Higgins-Desbiolles, 2018). Due to this ambiguity, the concept of sustainability has been very malleable in the interests of those benefiting from a status quo strategy (Higgins-Desbiolles, 2018). Nonetheless, and according to OECD (2018), sustained development of the tourism sector will depend on the ability to adapt to emerging economic, social, political, environmental and technological trends. However, the use of tourism’s potential as an engine for sustainable and inclusive growth needs adequate policies, integrated strategies, inter-ministerial structures and mechanisms that involve the private sector and other stakeholders in tourism governance. In fact, over the past few decades, we have witnessed a growing recognition of the important role that the development, management and promotion of local destinations play, supported by regional or local structures and funding, and the preparation and execution of destination management plans. This special issue aims to capture new ways of thinking about tourism sustainability in national, regional and local contexts and how it affects other areas of society. This will help to evaluate different potential developments and make suggestions about future creative needs in the tourism sector. By taking an applied approach to tourism sustainability, this special journal issue focuses on understanding new trends and topics that need further inquiry. We hope that we have contributed to a better understanding of how tourism sustainability is conceptualised and how tourism managers and stakeholders can operationalise tourism sustainability under a global–local perspective. As such, paper contributions to this special journal issue attempt to bridge the global and the local through sustainable tourism by focusing on new or understudied phenomena, through a set of different contributions and approaches. In the first contribution, Dolores Gallardo-Vázquez, Oscar Ernesto Hernández-Ponce and Luis Enrique Valdez Juárez present an analysis of the success factors of sustainable tourism in the southern region of the State of Sonora, Mexico, supported by multiple case studies of tourist places in Guaymas, Isla Huivulai and Alamos. Based on a non-experimental qualitative approach, the authors aimed to provide a framework for the development of an empirical database. The authors demonstrate that the most relevant factors considered for a sustainable tourism project to be successful in the research areas are natural and cultural beauties, accessibility to the market and the business profile. On the other hand, the factors of secondary importance for the success of a sustainable tourism project appear to be safety, accessibility to the place and protection of the environment. The paper provides useful insights for the various stakeholders involved, namely entrepreneurs, managers and government. Sami El Geneidy and Stefan Baumeister conducted a detailed analysis of volunteer tourists from an Indian non-governmental organisation. The authors introduce an original focus on the impact on global greenhouse emissions by international volunteer tourists, by showing that
可持续旅游:趋势、挑战和关注
旅游业是社会的基本组成部分,因此被嵌入到当代资本主义和社会价值观中(Bramwell & Lane, 2014)。最近,遵循社会科学大趋势的旅游研究受到了“关键转折”的影响(Bramwell & Lane, 2014;Tribe, 2008, 2010)。重点是挑战既定的思维和质疑权力和产品的概念(Tribe, 2006)。此外,关键转向旨在平衡几乎“经济学的专制作用”,它只将旅游视为一种经济活动(Tribe, 2006,第366页)。事实上,支撑旅游规划、开发和研究的既定思维模式正日益受到来自许多方面的攻击,理由是“一切照旧”似乎不可能与“可持续性”相协调。(德怀尔,2018)。“可持续性”的概念始于《我们共同的未来》(WCED, 1987)文件,其中将可持续发展定义为“满足当代人的需要而不损害后代人满足其需要的能力”(WCED, 1987,第2章,第1段)。1)到目前为止,我们都可以理解加入这些术语的矛盾和歧义,因为“可持续”一词意味着某种形式的限制,而“发展”一词强调人类利用以满足人类需求(Higgins-Desbiolles, 2018)。由于这种模糊性,可持续性的概念在那些从现状战略中受益的人的利益中具有很大的可塑性(Higgins-Desbiolles, 2018)。然而,根据经合组织(2018年)的报告,旅游业的持续发展将取决于适应新兴经济、社会、政治、环境和技术趋势的能力。然而,利用旅游业的潜力作为可持续和包容性增长的引擎,需要适当的政策、综合战略、部际结构和机制,让私营部门和其他利益攸关方参与旅游业治理。事实上,在过去的几十年里,我们越来越认识到,在地区或地方结构和资金的支持下,以及在目的地管理计划的准备和执行下,当地旅游目的地的开发、管理和推广发挥着重要作用。本期特刊旨在捕捉关于国家、区域和地方背景下旅游业可持续性的新思维方式,以及它如何影响社会其他领域。这将有助于评估不同的潜在发展,并就旅游业未来的创意需求提出建议。通过对旅游业可持续发展的应用方法,本期特刊着重于了解需要进一步探究的新趋势和主题。我们希望我们有助于更好地理解旅游可持续性是如何概念化的,以及旅游管理者和利益相关者如何在全球-地方视角下实施旅游可持续性。因此,这期特刊的论文试图通过一系列不同的贡献和方法,通过关注新的或未被充分研究的现象,通过可持续旅游架起全球和地方的桥梁。在第一份报告中,Dolores Gallardo-Vázquez、Oscar Ernesto Hernández-Ponce和Luis Enrique Valdez Juárez对墨西哥索诺拉州南部地区可持续旅游业的成功因素进行了分析,并对瓜伊马斯、回瓦莱岛和阿拉莫斯的旅游景点进行了多个案例研究。基于非实验定性方法,作者旨在为开发经验数据库提供一个框架。研究表明,在研究区域内,可持续旅游项目成功的最相关因素是自然和文化美景、市场可达性和商业概况。另一方面,对于可持续旅游项目的成功来说,次要的因素似乎是安全、可达性和环境保护。本文为涉及的各种利益相关者,即企业家、管理人员和政府提供了有用的见解。Sami El Geneidy和Stefan Baumeister对印度一家非政府组织的志愿者游客进行了详细分析。作者通过展示这一点,介绍了对国际志愿游客对全球温室气体排放影响的原始关注
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来源期刊
European Journal of Tourism Hospitality and Recreation
European Journal of Tourism Hospitality and Recreation HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM-
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