Peroxisome Proliferator- Activated Receptor-gamma and Nuclear Factor-kappa B in Obese Breast Cancer Patients: Correlation with Omega-3 polyunsaturated Fatty Acids with Adjuvant Chemotherapy

Abstract

Background: PPAR-γ has been reported to affect cell proliferation/differentiation pathways in various malignancies. PPAR-γ negatively regulates NFκB gene which is important in breast cancer progression. Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between PPAR-γ and NF-κB and the clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer women. The possible effects of adjuvant omega-3 fatty acid treatment with chemotherapy was also studied. Methods: 40 obese breast cancer patients was subdivided into two groups(20 each),chemo group received chemotherapy alone and omega group received 2 gm n-3 daily wih chemotherapy and control group included 20 obese women. Serum PPAR-γ and NF-κB levels were conducted for all the studied groups. Results: PPAR-γ was significantly lower than control .The level was decreased with increased positivity of ER, PR and increased with Her-2/neu in preand postmenopausal breast cancer patients. NF-κB significantly higher than controls and decreased with the increased positivity of ER, PR and Her-2/neu in preand postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Omega-3 FAs treatment with chemotherapy significantly enhances the level of PPAR-γ and decreases NF-κB level. Conclusion: The using of omega-3 PUFA as adjuvant treatment may increase sensitivity of cancer cells for chemotherapy by targeting PPAR-γ /NF-κB signaling pathway through correction of their derangements.