Health risks from non-potable use of recycled water in buildings. Part 2 - Greywater

Abstract

The paper describes the sources of greywater and its physical, chemical, and microbiological quality. The list of different non-potable uses of treated greywater in buildings and related exposure pathways of infections are provided. Possible health risks stemmed from ingestion, inhalation or dermal contact are characterised. Finally, required measures needed to protect public health, which have been missing in Czechia so far, are discussed. A combination of water quality standards for different ways of use, requirements for log reduction of reference pathogens of treatment technologies, and recommendations for end-users on safety behaviour seems to be the most efficient approach.