Evaluation of Silica Matrix Ion Effects on Barite Scale Inhibitors

Yue Zhao, H. D. M. Sriyarathne, K. Harouaka, Samridhdi Paudyal, Saebom Ko, Chong Dai, A. Lu, Guannan Deng, Xin Wang, A. Kan, M. Tomson
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Abstract

Silica is ubiquitous in oil and gas production water because of quartz and clay dissolution from rock formations. Furthermore, the produced water from unconventional production often contains high Ca2+, Mg2+ and Fe2+ concentrations. These common cations, especially iron, can form aqueous or surface complexes with silica and affect the nucleation inhibition of other scales such as barite. Thus, it is important to investigate the silica matrix ion effects on barite scale inhibitors efficiency to evaluate inhibitor compatibility with silica and common cations in produced waters. In this study, experimental conditions were varied from 50 mg/L to 160 mg/L SiO2 in the presence of Ca2+ (1,000 and 16,000 mg/L), Mg2+ (2,000 mg/L) and Fe2+ (10 mg/L) at 70°C and neutral pH conditions, all with a background of 1 M NaCl. Our laser scattering apparatus was used to study the effect of silica matrix ions on barite nucleation inhibition [Yan et al., 2015]. For the experiments with redox-sensitive cations (such as Fe2+), a novel anoxic apparatus along with laser scattering apparatus was used. Phosphonate, carboxylate and sulfonate inhibitors were tested. All inhibitors tolerated the experimental conditions with silica. The inhibition efficiency of phosphonate inhibitor DTPMP was impaired by high Ca2+ and Mg2+, and the addition of silica would not affect this result. The polycarboxylic acid inhibitor PPCA tolerated high Ca2+ and Mg2+ conditions, and adding silica did not have influence on this behavior. The polymeric inhibitors, such as PVS and PPCA, also tolerated the experimental conditions with Fe2+ and Fe-silica. Fe2+ significantly impaired the inhibition performance of DTPMP. This may be due to the formation of an Fe(II)-DTPMP precipitate. The detrimental effect of Fe2+ on DTPMP could be reduced, to some extent, by adding silica, which might be due to the formation of Fe-silica complex and the reduction of Fe2+ impact on phosphonate.
二氧化硅基质离子对重晶石阻垢剂效果的评价
由于石英和粘土从岩层中溶解,二氧化硅在油气生产水中无处不在。此外,非常规开采的采出水通常含有较高的Ca2+、Mg2+和Fe2+浓度。这些常见的阳离子,尤其是铁,可以与二氧化硅形成水或表面络合物,并影响重晶石等其他尺度的成核抑制作用。因此,研究二氧化硅基质离子对重晶石阻垢剂效率的影响,以评估生产水中二氧化硅和常见阳离子对阻垢剂的相容性具有重要意义。在本研究中,实验条件从50 mg/L到160 mg/L SiO2在Ca2+(1000和16000 mg/L)、Mg2+ (2000 mg/L)和Fe2+ (10 mg/L)存在下,在70°C和中性pH条件下,均以1 M NaCl为背景。我们利用激光散射仪研究了二氧化硅基质离子对重晶石成核抑制的影响[Yan et al., 2015]。对于氧化还原敏感阳离子(如Fe2+)的实验,采用了一种新型的缺氧装置和激光散射装置。测试了膦酸盐、羧酸盐和磺酸盐抑制剂。所有抑制剂都能耐受二氧化硅的实验条件。高Ca2+和Mg2+对膦酸盐抑制剂DTPMP的抑制效果有影响,二氧化硅的加入不影响其抑制效果。聚羧酸抑制剂PPCA耐受高Ca2+和Mg2+条件,添加二氧化硅对这种行为没有影响。聚合物抑制剂,如PVS和PPCA,也能耐受Fe2+和fe -二氧化硅的实验条件。Fe2+显著降低了DTPMP的抑制性能。这可能是由于Fe(II)-DTPMP沉淀的形成。添加二氧化硅可以在一定程度上降低Fe2+对DTPMP的有害影响,这可能是由于fe -二氧化硅配合物的形成和Fe2+对磷酸盐的影响的减少。
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