Latency minimization for multiuser computation offloading in fog-radio access networks

Abstract

Recently, the Fog-Radio Access Network (F-RAN) has gained considerable attention, because of its flexible architecture that allows rapid response to user requirements. In this paper, computational offloading in F-RAN is considered, where multiple User Equipments (UEs) offload their computational tasks to the F-RAN through fog nodes. Each UE can select one of the fog nodes to offload its task, and each fog node may serve multiple UEs. The tasks are computed by the fog nodes or further offloaded to the cloud via a capacity-limited fronhaul link. In order to compute all UEs' tasks quickly, joint optimization of UE-Fog association, radio and computation resources of F-RAN is proposed to minimize the maximum latency of all UEs. This min-max problem is formulated as a Mixed Integer Nonlinear Program (MINP). To tackle it, first, MINP is reformulated as a continuous optimization problem, and then the Majorization Minimization (MM) method is used to find a solution. The MM approach that we develop is unconventional in that each MM subproblem is solved inexactly with the same provable convergence guarantee as the exact MM, thereby reducing the complexity of MM iteration. In addition, a cooperative offloading model is considered, where the fog nodes compress-and-forward their received signals to the cloud. Under this model, a similar min-max latency optimization problem is formulated and tackled by the inexact MM. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithms outperform some offloading strategies, and that the cooperative offloading can exploit transmission diversity better than noncooperative offloading to achieve better latency performance.