Chemoprevention of 1,2 Dimethyl Hydrazine-Induced Colon Tumor in Albino Rat by Meloxicam and its Correlation with Immunoassay of Serum CEA

Abstract

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) is among the most common types of cancer in the world. Globally a steadily increasing proportion of elderly people in the world result in approximately 16 million new cases of cancer by the year 2021. Regarding treatment; Meloxicam was shown to prevent the initiation of chemical-induced tumors, and considered as anticancer agent by virtue of its anti-proliferative effect, capacity for cell cycle arrest, and pro-apoptotic effects, also acted as free radical scavenger, in particular superoxide anion oxidation scavenge. The aim of the current study was to clarify much important information on histopathology, histochemistry and immunoassay of CEA tumor marker characteristics of 1,2 DMH-induced colon tumor in albino rat and its relationship with the aberrant crypt mucosa as precursor in colon cancer progression. The study was carried out on 60 male albino rats, animals were divided into 5 groups; A: control group, B: animals received S.C. injections of 20 mg 1,2 DMH/Kg b.w, C: animals received 1,2 DMH with ad libitum access to water and high fat diet, D: animals fed high fat diet and water ad libitum. E: animals received S.C. injections of 1,2 DMH and oral 15 mg/Kg/day meloxicam/0.1 ml saline. Colon tissues from all studied groups were stained applying the following techniques: Hematoxylin & eosin, Alcian blue pH 2.5-acid mucopolysaccharide, Feulgen nuclear staining of DNA, Whole mount staining of colon and Immunoassay of serum CEA. The results confirmed the efficacy of meloxicam inhibiting or delaying growth of aberrant crypt foci in colon. Further research is needed to support presented findings.