Biochemical fingerprints of marine fungi: implications for trophic and biogeochemical studies

IF 1.6 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY
M. Gutiérrez, J. Vera, B. Srain, R. Quiñones, L. Wörmer, K. Hinrichs, S. Pantoja-Gutiérrez
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引用次数: 14

Abstract

Fungi are ubiquitous in the marine en vironment, but their role in carbon and nitrogen cycling in the ocean, and in particular the quantitative significance of fungal biomass to ocean biogeochemistry, has not yet been assessed. Determination of the biochemical and stable isotope composition of marine fungi can provide a basis for identifying fungal patterns in relation to other microbes and detritus, and thus allow evaluation of their contribution to the transformation of marine organic matter. We characterized the biochemical composition of 13 fungal strains isolated from distinct marine environments in the eastern South Pacific Ocean off Chile. Proteins accounted for 3 to 21% of mycelial dry weight, with notably high levels of the essential amino acids histidine, threonine, valine, lysine and leucine, as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids, ergo sterol, and phosphatidylcholine. Elemental composition and energetic content of these marine-derived fungi were within the range reported for bacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton and other metazoans from aquatic environments, but a distinct pattern of lipids and proteins was identified in marine planktonic fungi. These biochemical signatures, and an elemental composition indicative of a marine planktonic source, have potential applications for the assessment of fungal contribution to marine microbial biomass and organic matter reservoirs, and the cycling of carbon and nutrients.
海洋真菌的生化指纹图谱:对营养和生物地球化学研究的意义
真菌在海洋环境中普遍存在,但其在海洋碳氮循环中的作用,特别是真菌生物量对海洋生物地球化学的定量意义尚未得到评估。测定海洋真菌的生化和稳定同位素组成可以为鉴定与其他微生物和碎屑有关的真菌模式提供基础,从而可以评估它们对海洋有机质转化的贡献。我们对从智利南太平洋东部不同海洋环境中分离的13株真菌菌株的生化组成进行了表征。蛋白质占菌丝干重的3 ~ 21%,其中必需氨基酸组氨酸、苏氨酸、缬氨酸、赖氨酸和亮氨酸的含量很高,以及多不饱和脂肪酸、麦角甾醇和磷脂酰胆碱的含量也很高。这些海洋来源真菌的元素组成和能量含量在水生环境中细菌、浮游植物、浮游动物和其他后生动物的范围内,但在海洋浮游真菌中发现了一种独特的脂质和蛋白质模式。这些生物化学特征和指示海洋浮游生物来源的元素组成,在评估真菌对海洋微生物生物量和有机物储层的贡献以及碳和营养物质的循环方面具有潜在的应用价值。
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来源期刊
Aquatic Microbial Ecology
Aquatic Microbial Ecology 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
3.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
审稿时长
3.0 months
期刊介绍: AME is international and interdisciplinary. It presents rigorously refereed and carefully selected Research Articles, Reviews and Notes, as well as Comments/Reply Comments (for details see AME 27:209), Opinion Pieces (previously called ''As I See It'') and AME Specials. For details consult the Guidelines for Authors. Papers may be concerned with: Tolerances and responses of microorganisms to variations in abiotic and biotic components of their environment; microbial life under extreme environmental conditions (climate, temperature, pressure, osmolarity, redox, etc.). Role of aquatic microorganisms in the production, transformation and decomposition of organic matter; flow patterns of energy and matter as these pass through microorganisms; population dynamics; trophic interrelationships; modelling, both theoretical and via computer simulation, of individual microorganisms and microbial populations; biodiversity. Absorption and transformation of inorganic material; synthesis and transformation of organic material (autotrophic and heterotrophic); non-genetic and genetic adaptation; behaviour; molecular microbial ecology; symbioses.
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