Women and Retirement in a Post Covid-19 World

M. Dale, S. St. John
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Women on average live longer than men and are more likely to live alone or be widowed. In spite of their greater needs, they are more likely to arrive at retirement without secure housing, to have saved less because of caring duties and lower wages, and thus to experience greatly restricted lifestyles in retirement. They are more likely to require expensive end of life care for longer than men on average and endure a lower quality of life. In all countries, recent developments in the labour market, exacerbated by the impacts of COVID-19, will affect both genders but will continue to be more pronounced for women and younger workers.
Post COVID-19, many women will struggle to restore their depleted savings and will continue to be more likely than men to be reliant on New Zealand Superannuation alone, and less likely to own their own homes. They are more likely to be affected by lower employment opportunities. Without adequate policy responses to the COVID-19 recession, older female poverty is likely to become much worse in the next decade.
This comparison of the gender pensions gap and its causes and consequences in New Zealand, Australia and Ireland reveals the strengths and weaknesses in their retirement policies and suggests possible improvements. Attention to pension policy design taking a gender perspective in all countries is critical.
Covid-19后世界的妇女与退休
女性平均寿命比男性长,而且更有可能独居或丧偶。尽管他们有更大的需求,但他们更有可能在退休时没有安全的住房,由于照顾别人的责任和较低的工资,他们的储蓄更少,因此在退休后的生活方式受到很大的限制。她们比男性平均更有可能需要更昂贵的临终关怀,并且忍受更低的生活质量。在所有国家,COVID-19的影响加剧了劳动力市场最近的发展,对男女都有影响,但对妇女和年轻工人的影响将继续更加明显。2019冠状病毒病后,许多女性将难以恢复耗尽的储蓄,并且将继续比男性更有可能仅依赖新西兰养老金,而不太可能拥有自己的住房。他们更有可能受到就业机会减少的影响。如果没有针对COVID-19经济衰退的适当政策应对措施,老年妇女的贫困可能在未来十年变得更加严重。对新西兰、澳大利亚和爱尔兰的性别养老金差距及其原因和后果的比较,揭示了这些国家退休政策的优缺点,并提出了可能的改进建议。所有国家都必须注意考虑到性别观点的养恤金政策设计。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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