Deep Brain Stimulation

Abstract

Ever since its introduction more than 20 years ago, deep brain stimulation has revolutionized the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It has a similar effect to levodopa in controlling the cardinal features of the disease – bradykinesia, tremor, and rigidity – but is an adjunct to levodopa therapy, helping to restore its effectiveness in those with complications (motor fluctuations or dyskinesias) of long-term medical therapy. It is also very effective in treating tremor and dystonia, and there are indications that it may be effective for the treatment of epilepsy, depression, and other neurological and psychiatric disorders.