Wax actuator’s empirical model development and application to underfloor heating control with varying complexity of controller modelling detail

IF 2.2 4区工程技术 Q2 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Journal of Building Performance Simulation Pub Date : 2023-04-21 DOI:10.1080/19401493.2023.2201818

Tuule-Mall Parts, A. Ferrantelli, H. Naar, M. Thalfeldt, J. Kurnitski

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

This paper investigates how a simulated room’s energy and temperature performance are affected if its underfloor heating control is modelled with increasing detail. Experiments were performed to develop and calibrate an empirical model of wax motor and to calibrate the valve curve. These models were used to implement and test the On/Off and proportional-integral (PI) control processes at various levels of modelling detail. Controllers were implemented by gradually adding optimized control parameters, signal delay, calibrated valve curve, signal modulation, and actuator modelling. The On/Off control dead band and PI parameters exhibited the largest impact, reducing energy use (1%–5%) and temperature fluctuations (ca 1 K). Modulating the PI output signal increased temperature fluctuations to the same amplitude as On/Off with 0.5 K dead band, increasing space heating demand by 1.3%. The wax actuator counted for less than 1%; however, it increased time delays to maximally 7 min and remarkably changed the mass flows.

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蜡致动器的经验模型开发和应用于地板采暖控制与不同复杂性的控制器建模细节

本文研究了地板采暖控制对模拟房间能量和温度性能的影响。通过实验建立和标定了蜡马达的经验模型，并标定了阀形曲线。这些模型用于实现和测试各种建模细节级别的开/关和比例积分(PI)控制过程。控制器通过逐步添加优化控制参数、信号延迟、校准阀门曲线、信号调制和执行器建模来实现。On/Off控制死区和PI参数的影响最大，降低了能耗(1%-5%)和温度波动(约1 K)。调制PI输出信号将温度波动增加到与开/关相同的幅度，死区为0.5 K，增加了1.3%的空间加热需求。蜡致动器计数小于1%;然而，它将时间延迟增加到最大7分钟，并显著改变了质量流。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Building Performance Simulation CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

12.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Building Performance Simulation (JBPS) aims to make a substantial and lasting contribution to the international building community by supporting our authors and the high-quality, original research they submit. The journal also offers a forum for original review papers and researched case studies We welcome building performance simulation contributions that explore the following topics related to buildings and communities: -Theoretical aspects related to modelling and simulating the physical processes (thermal, air flow, moisture, lighting, acoustics). -Theoretical aspects related to modelling and simulating conventional and innovative energy conversion, storage, distribution, and control systems. -Theoretical aspects related to occupants, weather data, and other boundary conditions. -Methods and algorithms for optimizing the performance of buildings and communities and the systems which service them, including interaction with the electrical grid. -Uncertainty, sensitivity analysis, and calibration. -Methods and algorithms for validating models and for verifying solution methods and tools. -Development and validation of controls-oriented models that are appropriate for model predictive control and/or automated fault detection and diagnostics. -Techniques for educating and training tool users. -Software development techniques and interoperability issues with direct applicability to building performance simulation. -Case studies involving the application of building performance simulation for any stage of the design, construction, commissioning, operation, or management of buildings and the systems which service them are welcomed if they include validation or aspects that make a novel contribution to the knowledge base.