Seasonal Variation of Cosmic Ray Intensity Observed by the Oulu Neutron Monitor

IF 0.8 Q4 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI:10.5140/JASS.2020.37.3.165

Jaesik Jeong, Suyeon Oh

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Muons and neutrons are representative secondary particles that are generated by interactions between primary cosmic ray particles (mostly protons) and the nuclei of atmospheric gas compounds. Previous studies reported that muons experience seasonal variations because of the meteorological effects of temperature. The intensity of neutrons has a typical modulation with various periods and reasons, such as diurnal and solar variation or transient events. This paper reports that cosmic ray particles, which were observed by neutron monitors, have seasonal variations using the daily data at the Oulu neutron monitor. To eliminate the effects of solar activity across time, the daily data were normalized by two different transformations: transformations with respect to the grand mean and yearly mean. The data after transformation with respect to the yearly mean showed more statistical stability and clear seasonal variations. On the other hand, it is difficult to determine if the seasonal variation results from terrestrial effects, such as meteorological factors, or extraterrestrial effects, such as the position of the Earth in its orbit of revolution.

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奥鲁中子监测仪观测宇宙射线强度的季节变化

介子和中子是有代表性的次级粒子，它们是由初级宇宙射线粒子(主要是质子)和大气气体化合物的原子核相互作用产生的。以前的研究报告说，由于温度的气象影响，μ子经历了季节性的变化。中子强度具有典型的随不同周期和原因而变化的调制，如日变化和太阳变化或瞬态事件。本文利用奥鲁中子监测仪的日观测资料，报道了中子监测仪观测到的宇宙射线粒子的季节变化。为了消除太阳活动跨时间的影响，每日数据通过两种不同的转换进行标准化:相对于大平均值和年平均值的转换。转换后的数据相对于年平均值具有更强的统计稳定性和明显的季节变化。另一方面，很难确定季节变化是由于地球的影响，如气象因素，还是由于地外的影响，如地球在公转轨道上的位置。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS-

CiteScore

1.30

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： JASS aims for the promotion of global awareness and understanding of space science and related applications. Unlike other journals that focus either on space science or on space technologies, it intends to bridge the two communities of space science and technologies, by providing opportunities to exchange ideas and viewpoints in a single journal. Topics suitable for publication in JASS include researches in the following fields: space astronomy, solar physics, magnetospheric and ionospheric physics, cosmic ray, space weather, and planetary sciences; space instrumentation, satellite dynamics, geodesy, spacecraft control, and spacecraft navigation. However, the topics covered by JASS are not restricted to those mentioned above as the journal also encourages submission of research results in all other branches related to space science and technologies. Even though JASS was established on the heritage and achievements of the Korean space science community, it is now open to the worldwide community, while maintaining a high standard as a leading international journal. Hence, it solicits papers from the international community with a vision of global collaboration in the fields of space science and technologies.