Chemical characterization and stability of the Bombacopsis glabra nut oil.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to characterize the Bombacopis glabra nut oil (Malvaceae-Bombacoideae) by the determination of its lipid content and fatty acid composition with emphasis on the cyclopropenoid fatty acids (CPFA). The lipids were obtained by five different extraction conditions:(raw almonds: maceration with ethyl ether (I-MA) and n-hexane (II-MA), both at room temperature, and Soxhlet extraction with hexane for 6 (III-MA) and 12 h (IV-MA) and toasted almond: maceration with hexane at room temperature (V-MA)). Additionally, the oxidation stability of oil by the Rancimat test and the boiling point by thermal analysis (technical TG / DTG) were evaluated. The oil content ranged from 34.99 (I-MA) to 47.36% (IV-MA); oxidation stability was 4.18 h and the boiling point was 373.37 ℃. It should be noted that results about thermal and oxidative stability are been reported for the first time with respect to Bombacopis glabra nut oil. The major oil constituents were palmitic acid (56.06%) and esterculico (24.83%). The high percentage of CPFA oil, determined by NMR 1 H (26.2 to 30.9%) and GC-FID (26.5%), reinforce that the kernels of this species are not suitable for human consumption.