Anemia in school-going adolescent girls of age between 11 and 16 years in rural area - A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Adolescent age group (10–19 years) is characterized by rapid physical, psychological, and cognitive development. This is a vulnerable period for the development of nutritional anemia. Lack of knowledge concerning nutrition is one of the most significant reasons for nutritional problems and inappropriate nutritional practices can lead to numerous complications. Objectives: The objectives of the study were (1) to estimate the prevalence of anemia among school-going adolescent girls aged 11–16 years in rural area, (2) to know sociodemographic factors associated with anemia, and (3) to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding anemia and its prevention. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in rural area during November 1, 2018–January 15, 2019 among 1152 school-going adolescent girls of age between 11 and 16 years and resident of rural area using multistage sampling method. Results: In rural school-going adolescent girls, the prevalence of anemia was 67.36%. Anemia in adolescent girls was significantly associated with mother’s education and occupation. About 44.18%, 43.4%, and 38.28% girls did not know about causes, symptoms, and prevention of anemia, respectively. About 53.82% of girls worried about anemia, 61.81% of girls like to eat iron-rich food, and 64.76% of girls think that iron-rich foods are beneficial in anemia. About 21.88% of girls eat iron-rich foods and 57.2% eat Vitamin C rich foods regularly. Conclusion: There was poor knowledge in girls and unsatisfactory practices about anemia and its prevention, but positive attitude was seen to prevent anemia.