Optimal Enhancement of Power Conversion Efficiency of Monolithic Perovskite Solar Cells by Effect of Methylammonium (MAI)

Abstract

In the present work, the performance of monolithic perovskite solar cells (mPSCs) was evaluated with regard to the concentration of methylammonium iodide (MAI) perovskites. The five different perovskite layers were carried out using different ratios of MAI:PbI2, labelled as A0, A1, A2, A3, and A4 accordingly, with corresponding ratios of 1:1, 1.1:1, 1.2:1, 1.3:1, and 1.4:1. In this study mPSCs with a sandwich type structure of glass/FTO/compact (c)-TiO2/mesoporous (mp)-TiO2/mesoporous (mp)-ZrO2/carbon was fabricated for this purpose. The fabricated mPSCs films were fully characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectra and Filed emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The photovoltaic characteristics were measured under AM 1.5, It was found that power conversion efficiency (PCE) increased with the increasing the concentration of MAI:PbI2 perovskites, from 1:1 to 1.1:1M. The maximum PCE of 17.68% was achieved mPSCs with MAI:PbI2 (1.1:1) as compared to mPSCs with MAI:PbI2 (1:1) PCE of 15.2%.