Automatic measurement of affect in dimensional and continuous spaces: why, what, and how?

Abstract

This paper aims to give a brief overview of the current state-of-the-art in automatic measurement of affect signals in dimensional and continuous spaces (a continuous scale from -1 to +1) by seeking answers to the following questions: i) why has the field shifted towards dimensional and continuous interpretations of affective displays recorded in real-world settings? ii) what are the affect dimensions used, and the affect signals measured?and iii)how has the current automatic measurement technology been developed, and how can we advance the field?