Clinical case of a patient with pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis: rapid progression or lost time?

Abstract

The article describes a clinical case of a 37-year-old patient with pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis of functional class IV according to the WHO classification with difficulties of diagnostic search and features of PAH-specific therapy.Pulmonary arterial hypertension - group 1 in the clinical classification is represented by several forms of pathology, including very rare diseases such as pulmonary veno-occlusive disease and pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis.The difficulties of diagnostic search consist in the absence of specific symptoms, a variety of interstitial or focal changes according to spiral computed tomography, and the final diagnosis can be made only after performing a lung biopsy, which is associated with a high risk of possible complications. During the initial treatment and examination of the patient, clinical and hemodynamic parameters did not immediately allow to suspect the presence of pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis. And only the difficulties of the patient’s management associated with the lack of the expected effect of the therapy with PAH-specific drugs served as the basis for further diagnostic search.Against the background of taking vasodilators, with the normalization of hemodynamic parameters, the progression of respiratory and right ventricular insufficiency was noted in the patient. According to the results of an additional examination, a diagnosis of pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis was established, therapy was corrected and further tactics of management and treatment of the patient were determined. Currently, the patient is awaiting transplantation at V.I. Shumakov national medical research center and receives specific therapy with riociguate 2.5 mg TID and bosentan 125 mg BID.