Effect of martensitic transformation on nano/ultrafine-grained structure in 304 austenitic stainless steel

IF 3.1 2区 材料科学 Q1 METALLURGY & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING
Na Gong , Hui-bin Wu , Gang Niu , Jia-ming Cao , Da Zhang , Tana
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

304 austenitic stainless steel was cold rolled in the range of 20%–80% reductions and then annealed at 700–900 °C for 60 s to obtain nano/ultrafine-grained (NG/UFG) structure. Transmission electron microscopy, electron backscatter diffraction and X-ray diffraction were used to characterize the resulting microstructures. The results showed that with the increase of cold reduction, the content of martensite was increased. The steel performed work hardening during cold-working owing to the occurrence of strain induced martensite which nucleated in single shear bands. Further rolling broke up the lath-type martensite into dislocation-cell type martensite because of the formation of slip bands. Samples annealed at 800–960 °C for 60 s were of NG/UFG structure with different percentage of nanocrystalline (60–100 nm) and ultrafine (100–500 nm) grains, submicron size (500–1000 nm) grains and micron size (>1000 nm) grains. The value of the Gibbs free energy exhibited that the reversion mechanism of the reversion process was shear controlled by the annealing temperature. For a certain annealing time during the reversion process, austenite nucleated first on dislocation-cell type martensite and the grains grew up subsequently and eventually to be micrometer/submicrometer grains, while the nucleation of austenite on lath-type martensite occurred later resulting in nanocrystalline/ultrafine grains. The existence of the NG/UFG structure led to a higher strength and toughness during tensile test.

马氏体相变对304奥氏体不锈钢纳米/超细晶组织的影响
对304奥氏体不锈钢进行20% ~ 80%的冷轧,然后在700 ~ 900℃下退火60 s,得到纳米/超细晶(NG/UFG)组织。利用透射电子显微镜、电子背散射衍射和x射线衍射对所得的微观结构进行了表征。结果表明:随着冷还原次数的增加,马氏体含量增加;由于应变诱发马氏体的出现,钢在冷加工过程中发生加工硬化,形成单剪切带形核。进一步轧制使板条型马氏体因滑移带的形成而分解为位错细胞型马氏体。在800-960°C退火60 s的样品为NG/UFG结构,具有不同比例的纳米晶(60 - 100 nm)和超细(100-500 nm)晶粒、亚微米(500-1000 nm)晶粒和微米(>1000 nm)晶粒。吉布斯自由能值表明,还原过程的机制受退火温度的剪切控制。在还原过程中,经过一定的退火时间,奥氏体首先在位错-细胞型马氏体上形核,随后晶粒长大,最终形成微米/亚微米晶粒,而奥氏体随后在板条型马氏体上形核,形成纳米晶/超细晶粒。在拉伸试验中,NG/UFG结构的存在使材料具有更高的强度和韧性。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
2879
审稿时长
3.0 months
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