Un nouveau Temps des troubles: des historiens russes, témoins de l’année 1917

Abstract

EnglishThis paper analyses the personal diaries of three Russian historians, Mihail Bogoslovsky, Yuri Gautier and Stepan Veselovskii, during the Russian Revolution, emphasising in particular their accounts of the political and social situation in Russia between February and October 1917. Compared to some of the other reactions of the intelligentsia, these historians had no illusions with regard to the regime change: they had a pessimistic view of the process that had been initiated. As early as February of that year, these historians began to interpret the revolutionary moment as a new Time of Troubles (1598–1613), whose destructive actions, social unrest, stirrings of independence on the fringes and foreign appetites would precipitate the collapse of the State and lead the country to lose all integrity. francaisL’article est consacre a l’analyse des journaux intimes des historiens russes Mikhail Bogoslovski, Iouri Gautier et Stepan Veselovski. L’accent est mis sur ce qui concerne la situation politique et sociale de la Russie entre fevrier et octobre 1917. Par rapport a ce que l’on sait d’une partie des reactions de l’intelligentsia, on note leur absence d’illusions a l’egard du changement de regime, leur vision pessimiste du processus engage. Leur grille de lecture du moment revolutionnaire est, des fevrier, celle d’un nouveau Temps des troubles (1598-1613) qui, par l’action destructrice conjuguee de l’agitation sociale, des velleites d’independance des marges et des appetits etrangers precipite la decomposition de l’Etat et mene le pays a la perte de son integrite.