Evaluation of Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: In India the number of people with diabetes is increasing day-by-day. Due to a sole “Asian Indian Phenotype,” Indians develop diabetes an era earlier and have an earlier onset of complications. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate more effective treatment strategies at an earlier stage of disease progression. WHO defines Diabetes Mellitus as a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia, glycosuria, hyperlipidemia, negative nitrogen balance and sometimesketonemia. Aim: To assess and study the effect of Vitamin D supplementation on FBS, PPBS and HbA1clevel in diagnosed patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methods: The present study was Prospective, open label, comparative, randomized, parallel group, two arm interventional study. Comparison of two active treatment groups over a period of six months. Total 120 patients of either sex in the age group of 30 to 60 years with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with HbA1c level >7.0% and <8.5%. The effect of with/without Vitamin Dsupplementwith OHA observed on various parameters i.e. FBG, PPBS, HbA1c. Results: In Group C the mean change in FBS from baseline to 6 months was 162.90 to 127.2 (-35.7); on the other hand, in Group Tfrom baseline to 6 months was 157.90 to 94.93 (-62.97). Whereas, PPBS from 213.40 to 176.17 (-37.23) in Group C; in GroupT from 209.70 to 149.03 (-60.67). On the other hand, in Group C, HbA1c 7.80 to 7.22 (-0.58) and in GroupT, 7.76 to 6.70 (-1.06). Group T statistically highly significant than GroupC in improving glycemic indices. Conclusions: In Treatment Group Vitamin D supplement was responsible for improved levels of FBS, PPBS, HbA1c. In summation, it can be said thatwhen vitamin D levels were adequate control ofglycemic indices.The advantages of the study include: significant reductions, good efficacy, minimal rates of adverse reactions, no toxicity, good compliance.