Characterizing Cohesive Zone Parameters to Model Crack Growth in Composite Materials

H. Al-Dakheel, J. Albinmousa, Idris Temitope
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Abstract

CFRP is gaining interest in several industries such as aerospace, sports, and oil field. When this material is assembled, the adhesive is considered a preference over screws and fasteners as screws holes can lead to matrix delamination. Prior applying an adhesive, surface pre-treatment is done to enhance bonding. Due to the complexity of the composite material namely in complex geometry, one can consider finite element analysis as an optimum method to model the material behavior. Failure of crack growth under cyclic loading is typically modeled using the CZM. However, finding the constitutive behavior parameters is considered challenging. In this work, the maximum stress, which is difficult to calculate experimentally, is estimated using the virtual closure technique (VCCT) as it is considered less complicated and costy than the conventional methods. The VCCT is a finite element method that is employed to simulate monotonic crack growth. From this model, the maximum stress is recorded and used as the maximum traction stress in the cohesive zone model (CZM) to simulate fatigue crack growth. The bilinear traction separation law was employed to simulate the cohesive process zone. To calibrate the model results, an experiment is conducted on two samples those were treated by two different methods. One sample has a sandblasting surface pre-treatment and the other is pre-treated by peelply. Each pre-treatment enhances different material toughness and hence validity of the results if supported. Both samples were tested under both static and cyclic loadings. The maximum energy release rate and the crack length were selected as comparison parameters between the models results and the experimental observations. Overall, it was noticed that the results are considered having reasonable fit.
用黏聚区参数模拟复合材料裂纹扩展
CFRP在航空航天、体育、油田等多个行业的应用日益受到关注。当这种材料被组装时,粘合剂被认为比螺丝和紧固件更好,因为螺丝孔会导致基体分层。在使用粘合剂之前,要进行表面预处理以增强粘合。由于复合材料的复杂性,即复杂的几何结构,人们可以考虑将有限元分析作为模拟材料行为的最佳方法。循环加载下裂纹扩展破坏的典型模型是使用CZM模型。然而,寻找本构行为参数被认为是具有挑战性的。在这项工作中,使用虚拟闭合技术(VCCT)估计了难以通过实验计算的最大应力,因为它被认为比传统方法更简单和成本更低。VCCT是一种模拟单调裂纹扩展的有限元方法。从该模型中记录最大应力,并将其作为最大牵引应力在黏合区模型(CZM)中模拟疲劳裂纹扩展。采用双线性牵引分离法模拟黏合过程区。为了校正模型的结果,对两个经过不同处理方法的样品进行了实验。一种样品采用喷砂表面预处理,另一种样品采用剥皮预处理。每个预处理提高不同的材料韧性,因此结果的有效性,如果支持。两个试样在静荷载和循环荷载下进行了测试。选取最大能量释放率和裂纹长度作为模型计算结果与实验观测值的比较参数。总体而言,结果被认为具有合理的拟合性。
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