A Review on Influence of Sewage Water on Soil Properties and Microbial Biomass Carbon

Abstract

Presently the levels of groundwater are decreasing at an alarming rate. To avoid this problem, we use waste water/sewage water as a source of irrigation. The composition of waste water depends on type of source of water contributing this (like industrial, household and different types of city wastes). Composition of waste water is variable from area to area and site to site. Waste water affects the physico-chemical properties of soils like hydraulic conductivity, infiltration rate, water retention, organic carbon. Waste water improves the status of available (N, P and K), micronutrients and microbial count. Waste water contains high amount of toxic heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Pb and Ni) which causes adverse effect on soil as well as plant. If the concentration of toxic metals is above than the permissible limits then this water is hazardous for humans and animals life. In this article, we have discussed future aspects of waste water and how to play a major role in modern agriculture. It is beneficial or not for particular purpose where industrial waste water is a big problem.