Impact of Microclimatic Factors on the Growth Stages of Sesame ( Sesamum indicum L) Agro-Ecosystem for Betterment of Arid Zone Farming in the North-Western Arid Region of Rajasthan

P. Swami, Shamindra Saxena, Surendar Kumar Godara
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The present study was done to understand the influence of microclimatic factors on the growth stages of sesame in the rain fed regions, of north-western arid region of district Bikaner (Rajasthan) India. The present study includes the following parameters: 1. Air temperature in °C, relative humidity in percentage and vapour pressure in mm of mercury at the ground surface and at different heights (5 cm, 15 cm, 30 cm, 60 cm and 100 cm). 2. Soil temperature in °C at ground surface and at different depths (5 cm, 15 cm and 30 cm). 3. Net radiations in g.cal/cm2/minute. These agro-climatic parameters have been recorded on various stages viz. vegetative growth stages, flowering stage, (i.e., at 50% flowering) and capsule stage (i.e., at 50% capsule formation) by visual rating at different times of that day (i.e., 8.00, 14.00 and 18.00 hours in the kharif season of year 2014, 2015 and 2016 The research site was located in crop field of sesame at village Ridmalsar lying 20 km in North-East to the city Bikaner, Rajasthan, India and the investigation was carried out in randomized block design with six replications. Each replication was separated with a path of 1.0 m. and each sub-plot was separated by 50 cm path. The sesame variety studied was RT46 as this variety was introduced in last few years and was famous between local farmers for it drought resistant property, early maturity and high disease resistant quality. To study the influence of these parameters the climatic history of last ten year and also the water budget was analyzed. The meteorological data’s were collected from KVK and the regional center of CAZRI (Central Arid Zone Research Institute Beechwal), Bikaner (Rajasthan). It can be concluded from present study that air temperature in profile, relative humidity distribution and also vapour pressure in the microclimatic zone (sesame agro-ecosystem) of the atmosphere varies with changes in the time of day (morning, noon and afternoon), change in height of profile (5, 15, 30, 60 and 100 cm ) and stages of crop. The net radiation values also show increase from morning to noon in all the different stages of growth.
拉贾斯坦邦西北干旱区改善芝麻农业生态系统的小气候因子对芝麻生长阶段的影响
本研究旨在了解小气候因子对印度西北旱区比卡内尔(拉贾斯坦邦)雨养地区芝麻生长阶段的影响。本研究包括以下参数:1。在地面和不同高度(5厘米、15厘米、30厘米、60厘米和100厘米)的空气温度(°C)、相对湿度(百分比)和蒸气压(毫米汞柱)。2. 地表和不同深度(5 cm、15 cm和30 cm)土壤温度(°C)。3.净辐射,单位为千卡/平方厘米/分钟。这些农业气候参数在营养生长期、开花期(即50%开花)和蒴果期(即50%蒴果形成)的不同时期(即2014年、2015年和2016年秋收季节的8.00、14.00和18.00小时)通过目视评分记录下来。研究地点位于拉贾斯坦邦比卡内尔市东北20公里处的Ridmalsar村的芝麻作物田。本研究采用随机区组设计,共6个重复。每个重复以1.0 m的径线间隔,每个子样间以50 cm的径线间隔。研究的芝麻品种为RT46,该品种是近几年引进的,因其抗旱、早熟、抗病品质高而在当地农民中享有盛誉。为了研究这些参数的影响,分析了近十年的气候历史和水收支。气象资料来自KVK和CAZRI(中央干旱区研究所Beechwal)区域中心,Bikaner (Rajasthan)。研究结果表明,大气小气候区(芝麻农业生态系统)的剖面温度、相对湿度分布和水汽压随时间(上午、中午和下午)、剖面高度(5、15、30、60和100 cm)和作物生长阶段的变化而变化。各生长阶段的净辐射值也呈现出从早上到中午的增加趋势。
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