Analysis of leukocyte indices in patients with revision hip arhtroplasty

Abstract

Introduction The widespread application of large joint arthroplasty is accompanied by an increase in the complications associated with periprosthetic infection. Currently, treating patients with infectious complications in the area of large joint arthroplasty remains a relevant issue. Purpose To determine the prognostic value of leukocyte indices in patients with revision hip arthroplasty. Materials and methods The study involved 88 patients with revision hip arthroplasty hospitalized at the Ilizarov National Medical Research Centre for Traumatology and Orthopedics. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 77) were patients without periprosthetic infection (mean age 60.1 ± 1.5 years) and group 2 (n = 11) were patients with periprosthetic infection (age 55, 2 ± 4.7 years). An analysis of the preoperative results of determining the number of leukocytes and leukocyte formula was carried out with the calculation of the leukocyte index of intoxication and the resistance index of the organism. The reliability of differences in indicators in groups was determined. According to the odds ratio, the probability of developing an infectious process was estimated. Results The level of leukocytes in the blood serum and the leukocyte index of intoxication of patients of groups 1 and 2 had no significant differences. In patients with an infectious process, their level was higher by 19.7 %, however, not going beyond the normal range. Differences in the index of intoxication in patients of groups 1 and 2 were not noted. In the 2nd group of patients, the resistance index of the organism significantly exceeded that of the 1st group, remaining within the normal range in both groups. When calculating the prognosis for the development of infectious complications, the value of the odds ratio for the resistance index of the organism is exactly an order of magnitude higher than this indicator for leukocytes and the leukocyte index of intoxication. Conclusion The prognosis of the clinical situation in revision hip arthroplasty should consider not only local changes and the general condition of the patient, but also an assessment of laboratory parameters, in particular, the resistance index of the body.