Photosynthate accumulation and distribution on soybean crop during vegetative and generative phases influenced by phosphor and organic fertilizers

Abstract

One of the potential food sources of the Indonesian people is soybeans. This is due to the protein content which reaches 40%. The demand of soybean in Indonesia increase exponentially year by year and domestic production is unable to fulfill it, therefore the fulfillment of soybean needs is done through imports. Some efforts made to increase soybean productivity include improving soil fertility. One effort to improve soil fertility and increase photosynthetic productivity in seeds is by adding phosphor and organic fertilizers. The indicator of increasing soybean crop production is derived from the amount of photosynthate accumulation in seeds. This study aims to investigate photosynthate accumulation and distribution on soybean crop (Anjasmoro variety, a well known soybean variety in Indonesia) at various dosages of phosphor and organic fertilizers during the vegetative and generative phase. The experiment was conducted in Sesela Village, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province during the second dry season (August - November 2015). The experimental design was using a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was phosphor with 4 dosage levels: 0 kg/ha, 36 kg/ha, 72 kg/ha and 108 kg/ha. The second factor was organic fertilizer with 4 dosage levels: 0 ton/ha, 2.5 tons/ha, 5 tons/ha and 7.5 tons/ha. Parameters observed were included nodule dry weight, root dry weight, stem dry weight and leaf dry weight. The results showed that the application of phosphor and organic fertilizers were not significantly affected the photosinthate accumulation and distribution on nodules, stems and leaves during the vegetative phase, however it was significantly affected the distribution of photosinthate on leaves during the generative phase. Application of phosphor 108 kg/ha and organic fertilizer 2.5 tons/ha gave highest dry matter accumulation on leaves at generative phase as well as highest N and P nutrient contents.One of the potential food sources of the Indonesian people is soybeans. This is due to the protein content which reaches 40%. The demand of soybean in Indonesia increase exponentially year by year and domestic production is unable to fulfill it, therefore the fulfillment of soybean needs is done through imports. Some efforts made to increase soybean productivity include improving soil fertility. One effort to improve soil fertility and increase photosynthetic productivity in seeds is by adding phosphor and organic fertilizers. The indicator of increasing soybean crop production is derived from the amount of photosynthate accumulation in seeds. This study aims to investigate photosynthate accumulation and distribution on soybean crop (Anjasmoro variety, a well known soybean variety in Indonesia) at various dosages of phosphor and organic fertilizers during the vegetative and generative phase. The experiment was conducted in Sesela Village, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province during the second ...