The role of innovation and knowledge for entrepreneurship and regional development

IF 3.6 1区 经济学 Q2 BUSINESS
S. Kraus, William C. McDowell, D. Ribeiro-Soriano, M. Rodríguez-García
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引用次数: 27

Abstract

The impact of entrepreneurial activity on regional economic growth continues to be a focus of research and policy-makers throughout our global environment (Carree and Thurik 2000; Agarwal, Audretsch, and Sarkar 2007). Entrepreneurial activity requires innovation when entrepreneurs move from initial disequilibrium towards equilibrium (Schumpeter 1954; Kirzner 1973). Emerging entrepreneurial ventures and the innovators behind these start-ups bring necessary change and positive growth when conditions are aligned for their success (Davidsson, Delmar, and Wiklund 2006). Public administration and government policies should support both entrepreneurship and innovation as such support is necessary for organizations as they design programmes and develop policies for growth and sustainability (Galbraith et al. 2017). New ventures need talent, good ideas and a knowledge-based economy around them to positively impact regional development (Bouncken, Kraus, and Roig-Tierno 2019). Organizations tend to access knowledge from research sources, implicitly assuming that entrepreneurship and innovation involve developing social networks and collective actions (Huggins and Johnston 2009). The discussion concerning the space and scale of knowledge networks for innovation is important to clarify. Additionally, emerging entrepreneurial firms are highly active with regard to accessing knowledge from a range of sources and geographic locations; however, these networking activities may decrease during future periods of peak firm growth (Huggins et al. 2015). Knowledge produces opportunities for technological change which can result in organizational growth or even startup activity (Shane 2001). This knowledge derives from a variety of resources such as larger organizations, research institutions, R&D activities, and more (Acs, Audretsch, and Lehmann 2013). Local regions that work to develop these networks and clusters of innovators and creators can realize growth opportunities for new ventures as well as small and medium-sized organizations which in turn can grow the regional economy. These regions, focused on incubating knowledge-based growth and development, create an ideal environment for further innovations and knowledge creation. This focus on knowledge creation within an environment may result in the development of innovative clusters and enhanced entrepreneurial ecosystems. While clusters represent similar firms within a geographic region focused on similar economic activities (Breschi and Malerba 2001; Clarkson et al. 2007), entrepreneurial ecosystems represent the collection of firms and domains of entrepreneurship that support these ventures and include six distinct areas: policies, finance, culture, supports, human capital, and markets (Liguori et al. 2019; Bendickson et al. 2020).
创新和知识对创业和区域发展的作用
创业活动对区域经济增长的影响一直是全球研究和政策制定者关注的焦点(Carree and Thurik 2000;Agarwal, Audretsch, and Sarkar 2007)。当企业家从最初的非均衡走向均衡时,企业家活动需要创新(Schumpeter 1954;Kirzner 1973)。当条件与成功相一致时,新兴的创业企业和这些初创企业背后的创新者会带来必要的变化和积极的增长(Davidsson, Delmar, and Wiklund 2006)。公共行政和政府政策应该支持创业和创新,因为这种支持对于组织设计计划和制定增长和可持续性政策是必要的(Galbraith et al. 2017)。新企业需要人才、好想法和以知识为基础的经济,才能对区域发展产生积极影响(Bouncken、Kraus和Roig-Tierno, 2019)。组织倾向于从研究来源获取知识,隐含地假设创业和创新涉及发展社会网络和集体行动(哈金斯和约翰斯顿2009)。关于创新的知识网络的空间和规模的讨论是重要的澄清。此外,新兴创业公司在从各种来源和地理位置获取知识方面非常活跃;然而,这些网络活动可能会在未来公司增长高峰期减少(Huggins et al. 2015)。知识为技术变革创造机会,这可能导致组织增长甚至创业活动(Shane 2001)。这些知识来源于各种资源,如大型组织、研究机构、研发活动等(Acs, Audretsch, and Lehmann 2013)。致力于发展这些网络和创新者和创造者集群的地方地区可以为新创企业和中小型组织实现增长机会,从而促进地区经济增长。这些地区专注于培育以知识为基础的增长和发展,为进一步创新和知识创造创造了理想的环境。这种对环境内知识创造的关注可能导致创新集群的发展和创业生态系统的增强。集群代表地理区域内从事类似经济活动的类似企业(Breschi and Malerba 2001;Clarkson et al. 2007),创业生态系统代表了支持这些企业的公司和创业领域的集合,包括六个不同的领域:政策、金融、文化、支持、人力资本和市场(Liguori et al. 2019;Bendickson et al. 2020)。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.90
自引率
10.70%
发文量
52
期刊介绍: Entrepreneurship and Regional Development is unique in that it addresses the central factors in economic development - entrepreneurial vitality and innovation - as local and regional phenomena. It provides a multi-disciplinary forum for researchers and practitioners in the field of entrepreneurship and small firm development and for those studying and developing the local and regional context in which entrepreneurs emerge, innovate and establish the new economic activities which drive economic growth and create new economic wealth and employment. The Journal focuses on the diverse and complex characteristics of local and regional economies which lead to entrepreneurial vitality and endow the large and small firms within them with international competitiveness.
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