Impact of low early high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on inhospital outcome and short-term prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Abstract

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a cardiac emergency and constitutes a major burden globally. Association between serum lipid and ACS is established many years ago. Our study tried to have more information about the impact of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) on inhospital outcome and short-term prognosis of patients with ACS. Materials and Methods: The study was a prospective comparative study. Clinical and chemical and interventional evaluation was done in hospital settings. A total number of 50 patients were included in the study and divided into two groups. Patients with low HDL-C level were in Group I and patients with normal HDL-C were in Group II. Results: Group I populations had more inhospital complications than Group II represented in acute heart failure (48% vs. 13%), cardiogenic shock (40% vs. 6%), complex coronary lesions (57% vs. 20%), and prolonged hospital stay (54% vs. 20%). A statistical significance was found regarding these variables (P < 0.05). Regarding the outcome after 1 month, it is observed that patients of Group I significantly experienced heart failure (59.38% vs. 21.43%) and worsening angina (62.5% vs. 28.57%) with a statistically significant difference. In contrast, there is no statistically significant difference regarding myocardial infarction, new cerebrovascular events, shock, and mortality. Conclusion: The study showed a strong association of HDL-C level with inhospital adverse events of ACS patients in addition to short-term adverse events. Complications of ACS were more in patients with low HDL-C level.